The Research To The Relationship Of Implicit Memory And Explicit Memory

Based on previous experience in memory test influence in the manner of action, memory was divided into two types:the explicit memory which need the active participation of previous experience consciously and implicit memory-experiences don't needed consciously in which, but it will displayed the in some particular situation. The concept of the implicit memory once put, then caused extensive concern of psychologists immediately; and the relationship between implicit memory and explicit memory attracted researchers' attention. Both in patients with brain damage as early in the research subjects and with different age stages and subsequent gender characteristics of the normal individual study, implicit memory and explicit memory showed a significant separation, furthermore forming a multiple memory system model and received an common consent. The development of without damage brain imaging technology provided an new research technology for us; although the separation of implicit and explicit memory observed in lots of studies, but we also found that work brain activate the regional or processing process exists coincidence similar in two memory types; so whether these coincidence represents the common contact between the two memory types? To answer this question, we adopt ERP technology,which temporal resolution higher, to explore th relation between implicit and explicit memory; if two types of memory showed the same or similar changes in the same variables action, then we could think there is an common process between implicit memory and explicit memory.Experiments 1 is a tentative exploration:we use the processing standards conditions to explore the changes of "ERP old/new effects" between implicit and explicit memory with the aim to examine whether an similar even the same ERP waveform or changing trends displayed between implicit and explicit memory under the influence of the same code conditions. The "study-test" task was used to record the ERP of implicit memory and explicit memory;the results showed:The ERP waveform of deep and shallow processing level were positiver than new stimulation, thus showing a significant ERP old/new effect; And the N400 waveforms of implicit and explicit memory showing an similar change trend under the processing level conditions, it showed there may exist a common processing process between implicit and explicit memory, in another words there is an closely connection between two memory types.Experiment 2 is the further development of Experiment 1, we adopted a "directional forgotten" task to the research of implicit memory, for the pourse of examining the existence of relation between implicit memory and explicit memory. We compared the ERP old/new effect of implicit and explicit memory among directed forgetting,directed memorying and new stimulate. The resutls showed:the ERP old/new effect of implicit and explicit memory happened from 300ms;The reaction of both implicit and explicit memory were affected identically by the same condition.This result proveed the existence of the relation between implicit and explicit memory furthermore.These results suggested that:in the experiment 1 and experiment 2, the action result of implicit memory and explicit memory exists an significant differences; but in the ERP, although implicit memory and explicit memory latency and activation of ERP waveforms brain region as a whole there is a big difference; but in some specific time windows, implicit memory and explicit memory performance an consistent ERP waveforms, indicating that there is an common part between the implicit and explicit memory. Therefore, the traditional study of implicit memory and explicit memory in the view of phase separation may not be comprehensive; there may exists an common part between the implicit memory and explicit memory.The relationship of the implicit memory and explicit memory is not only separate but also exist an contact between them.