Status Of The Shu-Mi-Yuan Institution Of The Liao Dynasty

From 916AD the QiDan chief Yelu A Baoji established a state, to the Liao's perish in 1125, Liao Dynasty had been existed for two century, which hold an important position in China ancient dynasty. There Liao generation, the rulers had absorb every nations'reign experience, culture and regimen to consummate Liao's reign system, and form itself feature's government institution. Shu-Mi-Yuan institution, which from the Liao's reign system, had many problems deserve us to discuss.Shu-Mi-Yuan institution was not original from Liao Dynasty, Shu-Mi-Shi the official position original from last years of Tang Dynasty. In Five Dynasty time, the government basically along the late-mid Tang Dynasty's Shu-Mi-Yuan institution, however, Shu-Mi-Yuan institution had a big development in Liao Dynasty and became an important policy organization in China ancient federal society. Liao's Shu-Mi-Yuan's function is very abroad, which include administer military and nation's affairs, revise nation's history and statute, dispose penalty and litigation, taxes and corvee, select officers and participate every etiquette and so on. Along with the Liao Dynasty's develop, Shu-Mi-Shi's power was stronger, its control range was larger and weaken the prime minister's power, which strike the prime minister's select system. Although Liao's Shu-Mi-Yuan institution was not original from itself, but it was not simply inherit the former dynasty's system, it was based on the reference Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasty's institution, according to its own country's conditions and culture consummate Shu-Mi-Yuan and along with its own feature: although the north and south Shu-Mi-Yuan are all belong to the North Official institution, but the reign power concentrate in the north Shu-Mi-Yuan; Shu-Mi-Shi had taken important position before came into Shu-Mi-Yuan.In the study the Liao's Shu-Mi-Yuan institution, there is a dispute question is about the Han-Shu-Mi-Yuan was exist or not. The author consider the Han-Shu-Mi-Yuan was existed, and elaborate from the different meanings between"Mian"and"Yuan", the install time's different and the analysis to historical material the three different factors, regard as it existed three Shu-Mi-Yuan: Bei-Shu-Mi-Yuan, Nan- Shu-Mi-Yuan and Han- Shu-Mi-Yuan.