Comparative Analysis Of Relationship Between Human And Land In Fujian And Guangdong Guangxi In Song Dynasty

Conflict between human and land, esp. increasing population and decreasing land, is oneof the most serious issues facing the sustainable development in China. In Song Dynasty, thiskind of problems had already become prominent in local areas.Fujian took on the shrinking-land-dense-population phenomenon since the middle andlate Northern Song Dynasty, owing to the political stability , and good social and economicsituation.During the whole Song Dynasty, Fujian's arable land had been shrinking to 2 Mu percapita, because of the increasing population and mountainous conditions, thus, Fujian becamethe most serious and typical shrinking-land-dense-population area, in which the conflictbetween human and land was extremely fierce.The tense relationship forced people tomoderate the land supply and to save the living space in many ways such as land reclamation,high efficiency agriculture, outward migration, developing industry and commerce,educational development, disseminating Buddhism and infanticide. All that had a profoundinfluence on the local geography, society, economy, politics and culture.Located remote and harsh conditioned, Guangdong and Guangxi were developed late.Due to war and population pressure, huge population of central plains and the edge ofGuangdong and Guangxi migrated to these areas, which stepped into an era of greatdevelopment. The long-standing wild backwardness led to the weak foundation, taking on aunderdeveloped situation where there were vast land but sparse population. It didn't entirelyimprove until Ming and Qing Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, Guangdong and Guangxi were stillbackward, wild, bleak and typical areas of vast land but sparse population.A great number of surplus grain was imported to Fujian by sea under the circumstancethat Fujian was short of grain because of increasing population and decreasing land, butGuangdong and Guangxi were low consumer of grain because of vast land but sparsepopulation.The investigation of grain production and transportation shows that the mainreason for differences of two different relationships between human and land is caused bynatural conditions, land policies and national policies.And different relationships betweenhuman and land have different influences on the economic development, cultural customs,land policies and ecological environment.Analyzing the relationship between human and land in Song Dynasty on the whole andinvestigating ancient and modern developmental process of relationship between human and land longitudinally, we will find out that to solve the conflict between human and landdepends on government, common people, and most important of all, on science.