THE DEVEL OPMENT OF MACAO CITY'S ARCHITECTURE IN 19th CENTURY

The political background and control of the Chinese/Portuguese governments were shown in their influence towards the architectural development of Macau. Through the analysis of the east and western architecture, we can imagine the whole of Macau during the 19th century.Either the Chinese/Portuguese governments' mixed political management to Macau in the first half of the 19th century, or the unique power to rule Macau in the second half of the century, it was an important influence to the development of Macau's architecture. Economic and political considerations were responsible for the population growth, thus affecting the city architectural development.The Macau peninsula was mostly hilly with scarce plains. The city area was approximately 1 sq.km in the early part of the 19th century, increasing to 3.4 sq.km towards the end of the century. It was due to land reclamation and illegal occupation of the northern part of the peninsula.Before 1849, a regulation of "Building construction without application was forbidden" was being used to manage the city's architecture in Macau by the Chinese official. It was the first regulation in the architectural field in Macau and being executed for 23 5 yearstduring the Ming & Chin Dynasties. The western architecture always provide popular styles from Europe, such as Neoclassicism, Eclectic, and Romanticism styles among others. On the Chinese architecture field, there were always the 'Ling-Nan' architecture style in Macau city. Attached you can find a re-built drawing on SHIANG-SHAN government office houses in village 'Mong-Ha' in Macau in the 18th century and also the Chinese custom house drawing at praia pequena.In the 19th century, there were 3 stages of the city's architecture development -repairing, extension, developing. For the last 40 years of the century, the city's infra-structure works were mostly completed. Numerous plans were prepared for the city's development into the 20th century. Chinese and European style structures were noticeable then.