Expounding Essence Of Practice By Thinking Mode Of Practice

It is perfectly obvious that activity of human beings brings unexpected and deleterious effects as well as new civilization of mankind. By activity of human being, particularly in this modern society, the development of this world is expanded promptly; consequently, numerous covered problems are revealed. Under the circumstances, how on earth should we comprehend the activity of human beings? Are there some troubles in previous conception or theories? It is a major issue, which inevitably stimulates more research and discuss.The activity of human being, in a broad sense, is "practice", which plays a significant role in Marxist philosophy, and is universally accepted by theorists nowadays. Nevertheless, different people have different versions of how to define and comprehend the activity of human beings. However, all of these definitions are involved in the identical frame, namely, comprehending activity by activity itself. By this, they only define practice as world transformation by man and influence of ideology or activity by the external world. But forgeting the most important aspect, that is, practice originally is practical activity of human being, so it must embody and comply with natural instincts of man. Thus, on the basis of "existence is activity", this article examines real interpretation of instinctive practice. The most importance of understanding the rationality and soundness of the proposition is to transform the mode of thinking.From above-mentioned discussion, chapter one of the article expounds different viewpoints by means of distinct thinking mode with the relationship of mankind and practice. Simply speaking, mode of thinking has two historical patterns, namely ontologic one and practical one. According to different jumping-off place, ontological mode of thinking can be divided into spiritual and physical ontology; the philosophy of Hegel and Feuerbach are two representatives. But both of them do not scientifically interpret the relationship between human beings and practice, nor reveal natural instincts of practice. Only Marxism's thinking mode of practice achieves, that is,practice is mankind, and vice versa.. The two mix well together.Chapter two is lengthways historical investigation, which inspects Marx's view of practice gradually being on the way to science with transformation of viewpoint of "human being". It can be broken into three phase: Marx in "Hegel's phase", Marx in "Feuerbach's phase" and Marx of "being Marxism". The first two bear a marked brand of Hegel and Feuerbach, meanwhile, it has a transcended element or composition in many place. Ultimately, The outline about Feuerbach establish Marx's new philosophy, new mode of thinking and scientific viewpoint of practice.The third chapter is a transverse logical analysis which analyses various characteristics of human beings' existence in order to present features of the activity of human being. Adopting form of genenality-ceparation-genenality, firstly, to start with objects of mankind, points out that practical most fundamental feature is subjective activity that man creates the world; secondly, it attains the unity of regularity and purpose , of measure subject and measure of object from man's conscious dynamic role and spontaneity; lastly, ascending a graduation, it indicates that man in pursuit of liberty actually accomplish the unity of the true, the good and the beauty.Chapter four specially discusses and explores what nature of practice, namely, practice of human beings is. In accordance with distinct objects, practice can be classified as the following: production practice, contact practice and mankind oneself practice. With the ultimate aim of achievements of subjective liberty, the harmonious development of man and nature, of man and society, and of man and man oneself are relevantly optimum condition of these three practice.The last chapter is conclusion which emphasize the necessity of transformation of mode of thinking, the soundness of "existence is activity", and...