Kant's Theory Of Categories

Kant, in a new and unique way, shows solicitude for the whole interests of human reason, that's to say, he makes a thorough inquiry into and demonstrates the grounds and condition, range and bounds of human knowledge, morals and religious faith, and he puts forward and answers the general problem "what is man" so that he is superior to his elders and his theory has a great influence upon successors .hi the light of Kant's extremely wide system of philosophy and his pretty profound and abundant intention of philosophy, this article tries to reveal the side of Kant's philosophy, regarding the theory of categories as a visual point.Kant's theory of categories is the kernel content of his epistemology. Kant advances his theory of categories so as to uphold universality and necessity of natural law, and to reconstruct universal, necessary and valid basis of scientific knowledge. The author of this text maintains that Kant's theory of categories plays a basic role in the system of Kant's philosophy and relates to the significant aim of Kant's reconstructing metaphysics, although it is not the ultimate aim in Kant's whole critical philosophy. Its grounds lies in Kant's attaching primary importance to this problem "what can I know" in the four subjects which human reason concerns, and its concrete manifestation is that we, as a determinate reason being, reserve unconditional and boundless field of freedom, and free ourselves from confinement of nature, just because we place restrictions on employment-way of categories and its function of setting up laws, and delimit employment-limit of theoretical reason, which can develop logical space and make room for freedom, morals, religious faith and practical reason which go beyond our knowledge .This article consists of five parts. The fist part and the fifth one investigates into the origin-theory of Kant's theory of categories and its philosophical effectsrespectively, thereby reveals that the theories of categories which are before Kant merged with Kant ,and the ones which are after Kant are relevant to Kant and are influenced by Kant more or less .The second part and the third one analyze the principal part of Kant's theory of categories thoroughly , not only reveal the differences between transcendental logic and logic in general ,but show the valid grounds by which Kant infers his table of categories from table of judgments; in the part of transcendental deduction of categories , I,taking the difference between Objekt and Gegenstand into account , indicate the uniqueness of transcendental deduction of categories and reveal the two steps which the second edition of Kant's objective deduction involves , which is the main original idea of this article . The fourth part analyzes the value of categories, reveals that categories haven't transcendental use but empirical use .