The Nihuaben Novels' Writing In Yongzheng And Qianlong Periods Of The Qing Dynasty

The paper can be divided into three chapters. It uses the related literature to research the Nihuaben novels in Yongzheng and Qianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty. The Nihuabeh's stories topics, the Nihuaben's attitudes toward culture and Confucian morality criterion, as well as the Nihuaben's method to develop the stories are discussed. The paper provides detailed information for Nihuaben's research by examining the characteristics of Nihuaben in those periods, such as estranging the reality, preaching morality and preordination, Karani, and lacking entertainment aspects. These characteristics are the important reasons that led the Nihuaben novels went downhill in Yongzheng andQianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty.At the first chapter, the some characteristics of Nihuaben are examined, such as the limited subjects, estranging from readers and reality. At the first section, the paper analyses some criterions that Nihuaben novels choosing subjects. The Nihuaben hi Yongzheng and Qianlong periods took moralities and ethics as criterions when it chose the subject matter in order to preach the moralities. At the second section, another trend .of Nihuaben creating in those periods are discussed. The Nihuaben in Yongzheng and Qianlong periods chose historical matters and well-known person's stories to create novels. As a result of limited subject, some authors looked for stories in the published Nihuaben novels as their resources for Nihuaben writing.The aims of the second chapter of the paper are to examine Nihuaben writers' attitude toward culture and Confucian morality criterion. The Nihuaben's construction as novel was superseded by Nihuaben's function as preaching morality.The first section analyses the phenomenon of using Confucian's criterion to judge ethics in some Nihuaben whose subject related to wealth. The second section analyses the phenomenon of abusing comments in "Yuhuaxiang" and "Tongtianle". It demonstrates that the Nihuaben in Yongzheng andQianlong periods preached the morality by emphasizing comments. The third section discusses the widespread model in Nihuaben in those periods which sermonizes the moralities by emphasizing preordinations and retributions, and Karam.The final chapter of the paper is to examine two important problems of Nihuaben in the Qing Dynasty: stories' construction's changing and narrative aspects' weakening. At the first section, the two phenomena of Nihuaben in Yongzheng and Qianlong periods are discussed: the long and tedious Ruhua(introductory remarks) and the dividing chapters arbitrarily. Both phenomena bored and confused readers. At the second section, the most important characteristics of "Yuhuaxiang" and "Tongtianle" are analysed: the narrative aspects of Nihuaben are weakened seriously. Shichengjin, the author, almost ignored the entertainment aspects of Nihuaben novels. It resulted in readers' absent-minded.