Studying On Legal Trade And Smuggling Between Song And Jin Dynasty

Song dynasty and Jin dynasty coexisted for about 300 years. During this period, Jin and Song scattered in both South and North,which was also called the Post North-South Society. Minority state occupied the middle and Han state controlled the South.The South prosperd with it, and the frontier had became the key business area after the peace agreement was implemented.Song-Jin's trading has some significant difference comparing before. What remains was the exchange beween two sides, and the difference was the reason caused by politics, military ,history and geography. The key ossuse was that this business not only included the business between different racial groups but also within the Han nationality itself,once the frontier was finally determined by both sides,a large scale of business prepared,long before this ,the business in the civil society was high,after that it acted as the main business center, whether legal or illegal. In the trading, both the business beween Han and Nuzhen, and Han and Han ,existed.Legal trade and smuggling form the main business exchanging. they affected each other, thus developed the whole relationship. Legal trade and smuggling has different cause and procedure:legal trade was due to the political situation on both sides ,which was deeply influnced by their dipomacy,smuggling was caused by the economical demand,thus as less affected even in the large scale war. Sometimes ,smiggling was even benefited from the war.,legal trade and smuggling both ended with the ending of Jin Dynasty.Legal trade and smuggling's form,contents, use and their relationship was the main focus of this article. Legal trade's form and content mainly refered to the location, state structure, management system and product and human resources, legal trade was mainly arranged in the frontier area, each has its own place, which was diffenet from each other. Song's legal trade center was along the developed area, such as Henna, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu.,while Jin's legal trade center was probably in Gansu,Shanxi and Henan. Each management system was different, in which Song's was more complicated.,including Zongling in charge of the business was delegated by the central government,local official, who was responsible for the detail.,Yafa,whose duty was safety and detecting smuggling, was arhtorized by the main offical . Their management system was familiar, the kind of goods was strongly controlled. Business man needed to register and the forbidden material was salt,currency and so on. The attendant were mainly business man,and also some civilian,military person or officials.Smuggling.'s form mainly refer to area, business man attended and the goods used in smuggling. Smuggling was wide spread ,even every corner had. The main for of smuggling was privately entering another state foe business. For the advanced economy in Huaihe area and its tradition, it became the main center. Besides this ,every possible class or goods were involved deeply. This formed a big part. The kind of the goods had no limit.,but the focus was the forbidden goods.After the research on its form,contents and use, we may know that in one way ,they were against each other, but in another they can benefit from both sides, they struggled for their own benefit ,but in long run they each benefit from each other.Song and Jin government used severe way to destroy the illegal business for their own bebefit.,and the smuggler also used every possible way to escape detection ,or go against the legal market. Legal business was for the government own interest, which included the increase on tax,maintaining stability ,and the empire's governing; while ,smuggling's main function was to keep a free space for the people 's economical communication,in some extent this boost the development of the whole society.