| In 1990s, there is one movement in the world "Move towards Universal Ethics" and "World Ethics Declaration ". Hans Kong, theologian of German, in the book, Global Responsibility, at first, put forward the slogan of "global ethics".The scholars think that the contemporary religion scholars, ethicists, philosophy scholars and politicians, on the basis of fact, take the universal ethics problem as their common value judgment. This basic fact is: modern society and modern people have already fallen into a deep morals crisis, which is concentrated reflection of the whole human modernity crisis and also greatly prefabricates man's life prospect in the future. The problem is so serious that it already makes universal ethics become the subject of times, which people must think deeply again, because reality shows more and more clearly that a large number of social concerns and global questions all pester the value judgment of the modern in varying degrees, in different ways, and various kinds of existing ethics ideas. It is western modernity or tradition in the east, regardless of the religion or common customs, which unable to meet morals culture's need now alone. During the process of safeguarding the whole common interests of mankind, we especially emphasize the meaning of the ethics, because the global question is the people's own question fundamentally, or it's caused by people's improper behavior.The ethics are generally nature. The morals or rules without universality can't be the ethics. In this meaning, it is really surplus this concept, "universal ". We must understand the proposition of every new concept, or be sure to approve, there must be its reason to exist, with its own purpose. However, as for the appearance of the new things, everyone must has his own ideas. In our times, we should understand the "universal ethics" in a higher level. " universal ethics"," universal" has two meanings. First direct philosophy and ideology and culture field prevailing value pluralism and morals relativism at present against, emphasize that the ethics are absolute, but not relative, various kinds of ethics value are unified, but not isolated, each looks after himself; Second, the common problems which a series of various countries have to face, such as globalization politics, economy, peace, development, environmental protection, etc. emphasizing that the government and the people of various countries are both obligated to observe common ethics norm of the whole mankind and morals criterion . It is also can be called "global ethics" in view of its generally suitable range. Universal ethics means between all kinds of ethics norms (namely include between all kinds of ethics systems under the same cultural tradition, general value in the generality meaning that still include between traditional ethics and modern ethics); Universal ethics norm is highly demanded in order to safeguard the whole common interests of mankind, such as ecological ethics, nuclear ethics, international relations ethics, etc., the latter prove establish first kind apply to the whole mankind's new-type interpersonal necessity related to common code of ethic that (international relations ), the former has stated the possibility of different special ethics existing and the meaning in the latter under the common code of ethic. The latter " universal" is poured into " commonly " while giving " differently ", the former " universal" is exported " differently " from " common ". In brief, it is the ethics that makes the variety of a kind of ethics combines with unity.It's clear that a most basic characteristic of universal ethics is surmounting, including the surmounting of different fields, such as region of national boundaries, social system, class political party, ideology, national race, culture background, religious belief, etc. Universal ethics adjust people and relation, individual, ethical code of people's relation in global range, and the ethics principle, which can all be accepted and must be observed in the whole wor... |
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