| At the end of 19th century,Capitalism developed into Imperialist phase. Their nature of aggression and expansion made them rob overseas countries with much faster speed. Far East area,especially China and Korea, became the focus that Imperialist countries struggled for.At the end of Qing Dynasty, Tsarist Russia not only ceded large territories of Northeastern China through a series of unequal pacts,but also coveted Korea. It intended to invade Northeastern China by way of Korea, attaining more rights and interests. In the meantime,in order to strengthen its strength to compete for hegemony with England, Tsarist Russia, on the one hand, was on guard against Japan, on the other hand, it tried its best to draw Japan over to its side. At that time ,England was the strongest colonist that enjoyed most rights and interests in China. England resisted Russian expansion by supporting Japan in order to maintain its advantages in its competition in Far East. America and Germany were Imperialist countries of younger generation that started late but wanted to share interests with old Imperialist countries. They strongly demanded seeking places for dumping goods and exporting capital in Far East. However, they were lacking in the strength to compete with England and Russia, therefore, both of them took the measure of propping up Japan. France was an ally of Russia. It sought chances to expand its privileges in Far East. Focusing on the issue of Far East,European Capitalist powers adopted different strategic guidance's and diplomatic policies starting from their own interests. With the outbreak of Sino-Japanese War between 1894 and 1895 and the defeat of great China by small Japan, the great powers changed their diplomatic policies towards China, with the event of Triple Intervention about Retrocession of Liaotung as an immediate embodiment.Due to the defeat in Sino-Japanese War and signing of the unequal pact, people of all over China were seething with wrath. Frustrated Qing Dynasty imagines depending on Russia, Germany, France to reduce the damage of defeat because of Triple Intervention and Retrocession of Liaotung. Qing Dynasty wish to not only reclaim Eastern Liao, but also postpone exchanging the treaty and safeguard Taiwan. But because it was not strong enough, its ununified diplomatic policy, retrain another country by betraying right to a country, it due to fail.Postpone the date of exchanging the treaty? Because Japan agreed to return Liaotung peninsular due to accept the triple intervention, the three kingdoms changed their attitude completely, urging Qing Dynasty to exchange treaty on time by exerting pressure. Japan was subject to no negotiation. Qing Dynasty had nothing to do but exchange the treaty on time. Qing Dynasty tried to seek support from England and Russia in relation to Taiwan problem, but was refused. France had long been regarded as a country that was closely related to Taiwan, so Qing Dynasty turned to France for help. However, France replied that the treaty was signed and subject to no change and refused to offer help. As a result, the effort to defend Taiwan also failed. As regards to reclaiming the Eastern Liao, Qing Dynasty did not want to give the "indemnity for Liao" at first. It strived to reduce it to the minimum when it had to give. However, it was not up to Qing Dynasty. After the negotiation of three countries and Japan, 30 million tael in Kuping silver coin was ultimately decided as the "indemnity for reclaiming Liaotung". "Liaonan treaty" between China and Japan was signed. Qing Dynasty paid indemnity on time after raising money and was returned Liaotung peninsular. The countermeasures taken by Qing Dynasty in time of Triple Intervention about Retrocession of Liaotung did not make it avoid the destiny of being divided. Furthermore, Qing Dynasty borrowed a large sum of money in order to pay the indemnity. Loans with bitter political conditions made Qing Dynasty controlled by great powers in politics, economics, diplomacy and etc. China's semi-co...
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