The Preliminary Study On Xinjiang's Economy During The Period Of Sheng Shicai Government

Sheng Shicai (born on January 12, 1984 and died on July 13, 1970), from Kaiyuan County, Liaoning Province, was invited and worked for Jin Shuren as a colonel staff officer in Office Affairs Bureau of Dihua (named Urumqi now). Soon, there were turbulences in Xinjiang and Sheng Shicai gradually took charge in the military power after Jin Shuren had sent armed forces to suppress the rebellions. After "April 12th Coup" in 1933, Sheng Shicai became the temporary director and started his governance in Xinjiang. To recover and develop economy, he took out a serious of measures ranging from agriculture, herd, industry, mineral, transportation and finance to business trade. Actually, the economic policies in Sheng Shicai's rule were feasible. This essay makes research on economic recovery and development in this period and tries to provide some references to today's economic construction in Xinjiang .Basing on the analysis on history materials, the author is trying to make a complete and systematic research on situations in the period of Sheng Shicai's governance. This essay can be divided into four parts as follows. First, Sheng Shicai was facing a dilapidated economic situation. And because of the unsteady social circumstances and successive wars, there were many serious problems in agriculture, herd, transportation, industry, finance and business trade. Second, the measures had been taken out to recover and develop economy by sheng Shicai. He took different measures during different periods. Not long after he was in power, he set up a policy of "Eight Declaration" which evolved into "Six Policies". These became the administrative programmers of Xinjiang. Guiding by "Six Policies", Sheng Shicai took out a serious of measures ranging from agriculture, herd, industry, mineral, transportation and finance to business trade. From the end of 1930s to the beginning of 1940s, with the help from Soviet experts and Chinese Communist Party, the "First Three-year Plan" and the "Second Three-year Plan" were made out to give definite regulations on tasks in agriculture, herd, transportation, industry, mineral and finance, and etc. Third, Xinjiang's economy was recovered and developed. After Sheng Shicai's measures were carried out, the economy increased rapidly. There were improvements and development in the aspects of agriculture, herd, transportation, industry, finance and business trade. Fourth, a summary was made on reasons and experiences of rapid development of Xinjiang's economy during Sheng Shicai's governance. Sheng Shicai played a decisive role in modern history of Xinjiang, but he was a contestable history role at the same time. Basing on his different political standpoints, different people held different estimations on Sheng Shicai's governance. However, it was true that Xinjiang's economy situation during the period of his rule had been developed more rapidly than that of Jin Shuren. Constructions in all fields which were carried out smoothly in the period of Sheng Shicai's governance really benefited a lot from his policies and thus led to Xinjiang's economy recovery and development.The author has consulted and looked up quite a lot of files, documents, newspaper, and reminiscences and quoted part of them, especially some precious files, to form and substantiate this essay. Basing on analyzing historical materials, the author has used the traditional history research method, statistical method and contrasting method.