The National Thinking Of Sun Yat-sen And His Exploration To The Problems Of The Frontier In The Early Repulic Period

The national thinking of Sun Yat-sen had important position in his san-min-zhu-yi ideology, which included two aspects:the national thinking towards interior and towards exterior.The national thinking towards interior of Sun Yat-sen contained four stages: revolting against the Qing dynasty, propagating "wu-zu-gong-he", advocating race assimilating and acknowledging equality among the various nationalities. The revolting against Man Ethnic group had transcended obsolete"fan-Qing-fu-Ming" thought, and emptied into new contents of political revolution. In order to deal with the crisis of the frontier and readjust the relationship among internal nationalities, Sun Yat-sen proposed "wu-zu-gong-he" principle. It reflected the thought of "Five nationalities, one family" and national unity, strengthened the condensing power of Chinese nations and also consolidate the unity of homeland. Sun Yat-sen had once imitated America to advocate race assimilating. The fact proved that he was wrong. The sublimation of the national thinking of Sun Yat-sen appeared in his old age. Namely, he acknowledged equality among the various nationalities and national self-determination. As a bourgeoisie thinker, he had reached the highest level that he could reach.The national thinking towards exterior of Sun Yat-sen was complicated. Since Chinese national bourgeoisie was congenitally deficient, they had no ability to resist two enemies, i.e. imperialism and feudalism. When Sun Yat-sen devoted his mind to solving civil political problems—overthrewing Qing dynasty and founding Republic, he also looked forward to his another enemy—imperilism to support his revolutionary cause. In face of cruel realities, he recognized the essence of imperialism. At last, he gone to the way of thoroughly resisting imperialism and abrogating all unequal treaties.The crisis of frontier region in the early Republic period was an important part of the crisis of nation. Sun Yat-sen had put forward many political and economical measures to safeguard the unity of homeland and territorial integrity.SunYat-sen was a thinker who was unceasingly striving for self-improvement. He uninterruptedly analyzed the deficiency of his thoughts. In face of new problems, he usually put forward new approaches and measures. He focused on the national revival and the unity of nation. His national thinking had been the precious spiritual wealth of Chinese nation.