Gong Sang Ruo Er Bu And Frontier Affairs

Gong Sang Ruo Er Bu is the jasagh of Harqin Right Banner (now as the Harqin Banner in Chifeng of Inner Mongolia) and the chogalganu taruga of Josutu League in the late Qing Dynasty. He is an open-minded Mongolian prince who follows the trend of the times and accepts illuminative ideology.Gong Sang Ruo Er Bu receives a good education and enjoys the grace of the dynasty from childhood. Therefore, he has a strong sense of responsibility and mission. He always ponders how to do to make a lasting stable frontier and to truly achieve the prospect of "Da Bang Ping Fan (The dynasty keeps the development and stability of surrounding dependent countries.)"? In the early 20th century,Gong Sang Ruo Er Bu positively responses to the "New Deal". He carries out a series of reform and innovation in the Harqin Right Banner such as abolishing old systems and establishing a new spirit, setting up schools and educating talents, and developing industry, etc. All these have promoted the development of local politics, economy, culture and education, making a foundation to secure the stable frontier. Since he served as president of the Bureau of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs in 1912, at the border of China, especially in the minority areas Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Tibet, the situation is unstable. These areas have been repeatedly invaded by foreign powers. As the president, Gong Sang Ruo Er Bu tries his best to grasp the situation of border areas, making a great contribution to dealing with the special ethnic affairs and the implementation of the central executive orders.The thesis firstly analyzes Gong Sang Ruo Er Bu’s ideological thinking of national revival and improvement, and then explores his contribution to the frontier and the treatment of the frontier Ethnic affairs, lastly studies the limitations of his ideas.