The Research Of Guanxiu's Poems

Guanxiu was a famous poem monk of the period of late Tang and Five Dynasties, he was born in a declined scholar-bureaucrat's family, entered He Ann temple in Lanxi and studied Buddha from the loyal elder monk-Yuanzhen at seven years old. Clever and sensible from childhood, memory was superior, he loved poem and tried to compose, he often written with Chumo, his monk companion, helping each other. Therefore he was famous at the age of 15~16. After obeyed all the riligiou disclines completely, he was proclaimed a formal monk, that year he was just 20 years old ,then he began to roam . Entered Wuxieshan in the east of Zhejiang first, studied zen for ten years there. And then studied abroad in Zhonglingshan Hongzhou, soon, went up the north in such places as the Northwest, Ji Bei, etc. He turned back and stayed many years. Huang chao rose in revolt, after he invaded and occupied Dongyang, Guanxiu tramped here and there as a refugee among the mountains and plains. The second year of Zhaozong Qianning, Guanxiu depended on Chengrui and joined in the chorus with Wurong in Jingmen, leaving because of giving a offence to Chengrui shortly after that. It was the third year of Tianfu that Guanxiu entered Sichuan Province, Wangjian,the king, gave him a warm welcome. Guanxiu was granted as" Chan Yue master ",and died on Sichuan Province at 81 ,that was the second year of Yongping. There were collections of poems " Chan Yue Ji", the poems added up to 735, among the monk poems in late Tang and Five Dynasties, the amount of poems was second only to Qiji.Guanxiu's poems can be divided into two big classes in general: zen poems and common custom poems. Zen poems account for 1/3 of his poems, compare with other zen poems of Buddhist monk, there are two charades in Guanxiu's: First more Buddhist's poems have reflected Buddhist monk's special life styles and pay attention to comprehend zen; Second embody the deep zen feeling. Though previous monks had described the monk's special life styles in their poems, single poem of all. Describe Buddhist monk's seclusive lives in an all-round way among poems, Guanxiu was the first monk. And it was the suite of poems, the lv poem, that he adopted. Guanxiu, was the first monk. Such as "Twelve Poems Wrote in Staying at Tongjiang", "Twenty-Four Poems Wrote During Living in Mountains" etc. Among them "Twenty-Four Poems Wrote During Living in Mountains "was especially outstanding.these suite of poems could reflect completely the Buddhist monks' in every aspect of living in seclusion nearly. It was the most outstanding in the similar poems on art too. It was also obvious there was deep zeh feeling in his zen poems. These poems were mainly written in his late period, Guanxiu expressed his admiring to the outstanding, virtue and eminent monks and his missing to friends who had not seen for a long separation and who had been out of the world. Such as" Write to Dayuan Monk", "Send Monk to Hunan "etc. This was the extension of the feeling of his common custom poems in fact.Guanxiu not only wrote zen poems but also common custom poems, moreover, his common custom poems far exceeded his zen poems from the quantities. His common custom poems, we studied from the frontier fortress poems, the praise poems and the satirical poems.The poems of frontier fortress were the weak links of late Tang and Five Dynasties of poems. The few in poet, the quantities of the poems were few too. Although late Tang's frontier fortress poems had not had the aspiration of glorious age of Tang, manifested another kind of tragically heroic emotion ,the Tang Dynasty went from bad to worse, the soldiers had nothing to do to help it. Though Guanxiu's poems of frontier fortress perhaps could not include all characteristics of the poems of frontier fortress of this period, but very representative.Praised poems were also the important components of his poems. Just because these praised poems, the descendant gave criticism to him sharply. Althought that,we shouldn't avoid.If combining social environment and his personal experience, we shouldn't re...