Study On The Constitutional Thought Of Intellectuals From The Building Of The Republic Of China To The Second Revolution

Sprouting from the impact in the advanced civilization of the west, the thought ofconstitutional government in China, developed nearly with modern China severelyeconomic, political, culture disintegrate and institutional crisis day by day. At thebeginning of the Republic of China, the constitutional government thought of theintellectuals succeeded that of the last years of Qing Dynasty, gets new developmentunder the complicatedly and changefully historical background. This article mainly takes the influential publication magazine, Minli Daily,yongyan and Eastern miscellany as the center, to probe into complex changeableinternational domestic background, the different social stratum intellectual'sconstitutional government advocated from the building of The Republic of China to Thesecond Revolution. And in this foundation, inspects the intellectuals constitutionalgovernment thought historical status and the insufficiency. We hope we will have anoverall understanding on the china's constitutional government ideological trend. This text is made up of three parts altogether: The first part has analyzed the political environment that the ideological trend ofconstitutional government raises emphatically. Two respects of political environmentare analyzed from the country of new change and violent change of the westernconstitutional government idea. During the latter 19th century and the early 20th century,western countries constitutional government transition by modern to modern. As regardspolitical environment in the country, though the domestic political environment isrelatively loose before the Second Revolution, but various kinds of political strength arecontended for hit-and-messily, the political situation is in the turbulence. The second part has explained the content mainly of the thought of constitutionalgovernment of intellectual's colony from the Building of The Republic of China to Thesecond Revolution. This part Investigates intellectuals in principle, spirit and choice,local system, government form of issue three different attitude and opinion of respect offormulating a new constitution mainly. Formulating a new constitution in principle, it ismainly that implementing country's right doctrine or democracy is the dispute of thecenter. Minli Daily intellectual maintain it regard democracy as in the center toformulate a new constitution, object to consolidation country right to a certain extent atthe same time. But Yongyan intellectuals put emphasis on that maintain consolidatingcountry's right further. On government form, most of them advocate implementingpresidential government, objecting to presidential government. But on how to constructthe presidential government question, there are differences in them. Mnili Dailyintellectuals implement political party cabinet to advocate mostly, Yongyan intellectualsmajority maintain under the realistic political situation implementing the detachedcabinet, allow the cabinet of political party. On local system, Minli Daily intellectualsadvocate limited centralization, the de-centralism of namely a certain degree;intellectuals advocate centralization in Yongyan; eastern miscellany trades off betweenthe two. The third part has investigated the people's historical status and defect of thethought of constitutional government of intellectuals mainly. The constitutionalgovernment of intellectuals thought a big leap on the basis of thought of constitutionalgovernment of latter stage of Qing Dynasty, it complies with tide of history, indicatingChina continuation in learning the western road advance and explore, have advanced theprocess that China's political system takes in modern times .At the same time it hassome weak points too.