Benchmark Formed By Historical Materialism--An Analysis On The Labor Division Category From The Manuscript Of Economics And Philosophy In 1844 To The German Ideology

Historical materialism is one of the two major discoveries in the lifetime of Marx and it is the base and core of Marxist philosophy. The labor division is an important category of the historical materialism and is a concept that summarizes wide phenomena in the society. The aim of the thesis lies in trying to trace back to the source, based on studying carefully original works. Dual scales of value thinking and scientific thinking are used to deeply analyze profound meanings contained in the "Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844" ("Manuscript" )and "the German Ideology"( "Ideology") and internal connections of the two aspects are established. Then the labor division is taken as a clue for understanding meanings contained in historical materialism so that a solid premise of historical outlook can be provided for our modern construction.The thesis is divided into five parts.The first part is an introduction. It contains the background and meanings of the choice of the thesis theme.Historical materialism is the foundation and core of the Marxist philosophy. Oriented towards various kinds of "historical materialism", it is necessary to walk along a road of comprehensive innovation, i.e., "the study of classical works, the study of fundamental theories, and the study of era subjects" should be organically combined. Based on the examination of the inheritance and development of labor division category in "Manuscript" and "Ideology", a reunderstanding of historical materialism should be made so as to provide a solid premise of historical outlook for the view of development expressed in our modern construction. In the second part, a review is made on the transformation of Marx's world outlook and the origin and source of the labor division category of historical materialism are discussed. In his ideological development process, Marx turned his viewpoint of thinking about problems from abstract concepts to problems of realistic practice. During this period, "Manuscript" and the theoretical development of alienated labor are important links. In the third part the role of the labor division category in the formation of historical materialism is mainly discussed. It is pointed out in the thesis that when Marx was writing "Manuscript", labor division began to attract his attention. After he studied theories of Adam Smith and Sayi, he put forward a preliminary opinion on the essence and action of labor division, but he did not put it on the base of historical materialism. However, in "Ideology", Marx grasped labor division in the process of studying labor, and found productive forces and production relationships in the study of labor division, and later he discovered the superstructure and economic base, thus he established the scientific system of historical materialism. The fourth part explains the formation of historical materialism from the angle of labor division. Based on the principle of the unity of the view of truth and the view of value, and an internal connection of "Manuscript" and "Ideology" is established. The connections and differences of labor division category in "Manuscript" and "Ideology" are examined from logical content relationship and from abstract to concrete ideological relationship. Thus a reunderstanding of historical materialism is formed. The fifth part deals with meanings of labor division category study in the formation of historical materialism. In theory, the labor division theory is an important knot point for understanding and developing historical materialism, is one of the theoretical foundations in studying Marxist political economy, and is also one of the theoretical grounds of scientific socialism. In practice, it provides a solid premise of historical view for the view of development of society.