| The tralitional Chinese ideology is to ttach great importance to agriculture and underrate commerce, and no mertion of profit .So the position of the merchants is low, especially the image described in literature is lvorthless. But the image of the merchants and the opinion of people about "commerce" changed in "san yan" and "liang pai". Its social root lies in that commodity economy developed greatly after the mid-ming dynasty and the enlighterment ideas were spread greatly.
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