Going Forward While Tracing Back

In Chinese modern and contemporary literature, the family novels' subjects were men, and the centers were the "father & son", they were continued with the "grandfather & father &son". The matriarchal history was ignored in literature. In the 1990s, the "matriarchal history" texts connected the broken chain of women. This is a challenging writing. In one hand, it touches the world and history, pays attention to kinds of social problems including women problems, and shows the women feeling of the world mission. On the other hand, it breaks away from the older world, analyses the women fate in the male society by the view of human nature, and fights with the distorted women in the men texts by women experiences. These writers not only ponder problems from the female view, but also from the male view. They admit the differences between the male and female, at the same time, they explore the way to the harmony between these two genders. They go though many bitter times, and whish to find the spirit home belongs to men and women. In the contemporary literature, the "personal writing" is so popular that the works of "matriarchal history" undoubtedly will develop the women writing.First, to arrange "the genealogy of mothers". The "matriarchal history" novels' center is the "mother & daughter". They are continued by the chain of the "grandmother & mother & daughter", which reappear the women fate and experiences during many times, and construct the genealogy of the female. From the beginning of Chinese contemporary women literature, the role of the mother has changed obviously. In the May Fourth period, they are lofty and beautiful but without personality. In 1930s, Dingling paid too much attentionto the ideology to weaken the women consciousness. In 1940s, Zhang Ailing broke the traditional virtue of women through revealing the dark side of them. At the last of 21st century, the image of mothers became ugly which smash the pattern of female made by male. The texts of mothers' history is the women history. Among these novels, there is the common experience between the mother and daughter, and the memory of the grandmother, and the blood tie in the historical data, and even the imagination of the former maternal family members. Although some male writers such as Moyan also wrote novels about "matriarchal history", there were no essential characters of female, so they can only be contrasted texts to the women ego writing.Second, to construct a "maternal family". The existence of the "maternal family" takes over the paternal family when it is to be disintegrated. Compared to the powerful mothers, the fathers in these texts are very weak. Although women are the real poles of the family, men are so necessary that women can not grow up normally without them. In such families, the main relationship among the subjects is the one between the mother and daughter. This kind of relationship circulates from the maternity to the eldest daughter to the youngest daughter and back to the maternity. The first relationship between mother and daughter is called "between the eldest daughters". The eldest daughter is a woman pattern that agrees with her mother, in some extent, she is close to the traditional image of women. The change from "the eldest daughter" to "the youngest daughter" forms another relationship called "the eldest daughter and the youngest daughter". In this pattern, the mother is such an eldest daughter who can not change to youngest daughter thoroughly. The youngest daughter puts her own desire to the first place, she try to break away...