| The research for Soviet socialist political system has important theoretical meaning and realistic meaning, academic circle for listing Ning period the research of political system is not enough to serve as divide . in view of this, the author think on the foundation of forefathers research accomplishment discuss continuously for this problem. This paper for listing Ning period political system discuss minute 3 minutes: The first minute, make revolution in October, front row Ning for the theoretical conception of Soviet regime political system. the revolutionary front row of October 1917 Ning for in one of series works in have carried out a series of tentative idea for future socialist national political system, especially in " country with make revolution " reach maturation in a book. adopt mark think thought, list Ning these tentative ideas is mainly according to the abuse of bourgeois parliamentary system design his conception, establish in future socialist country distinguish in bourgeois parliamentary system the brand-new dictatorship of the proletariat of form national form, Soviet regime, carry out the democratic system of Paris commune type. Under Soviet system, people directly participate in national management, list on the system of political party, Ning imagine implement the system of multi-party cooperation, imagine in Soviet inside pass through every party grouping between the struggle of peace, set up a take the responsibility for Soviet government. Second part, in 1917 to 1924 years political system found and its operation. Soviet country is born after, list Ning imagine beginning put into effect . according to this conception and October revolutionary victory rear initial stage, Su E the construction of political system basically is dynasty make all ones attend the direction of management to go on. Announce with constitution form that regime belongs to working people, and its representative Soviet. absorb soldier the masses of workers and peasants extensively on practice directly attend management with supervise country, select large quantities of excellent worker and soldier enter state departments and member with important task. On the system of political party, found country, at the beginning of pass a series of struggle and compromise after, have arisen much party alliance is in power situation. explain then Russia have implement the external condition of much party system, meet then Russia political party stand in great numbers political reality. , go to civil war before, Su E political life have arisen vitality thriving scene. This kind of is different from 3 capitalist national rights divide into the upright form of government system have embodied people's sovereignty principle, support deeply by masses of people's the masses. however this kind of system in run process in change gradually by Russia reality. " wartime communism " the implement of policy, make Russia social process occur worse turning, have resumed the natural economy of national dominance in economic field, have resumed high centralization on politics. civil war begin after, the political system of Su E from establish the political system of high democracy have changed direction power monopoly, people's democracy and the democracy withing the party have gotten restriction inevitably, country with social power share to Russia( cloth) concentrate , much party is in power to a party store , a party alone is in power change. The power of party is concentrated to central the Political Bureau . Soviet directly attend the office of national management by masses of people's the masses change is replace working people actually through the advanced stratum of the proletariat carry out management office, have formed party for the leading position of national regime. adopt appointment system generally on cadre system. , civil war erupt rear Su E political system and democratic system try out issue compare with the basic tendency of development is : power develop towards concentration direction. After civil war finishes , national economy is faced with collapse . in the form of political economic double crisis in front of, March 1921 begin implement new economic policy, carry out new economic policy depend on in on support and suit , economic reform requirement to have corresponding political reform to be the guarantor block. Is faced with new economicatmosphere to list, Ning have made in the aspect of political system a series of explore . first divide the function of Party and government, carry out the division of labour of Party and government. emphasize the lead of party is political leading, party will insist can not again take sole charge of substitute for the lead of state departments, will carry out correct division of labour . secondly, reinforced party in power build , reform party organize system. List , Ning advocate the troops of the pure party of take effective measures: advocate join the Party strictly condition; March 1919 to 1921, have carried out two Qing Dangs one after another. develop the democracy withing the party, transfer enthusiasm and the initiative of masses of party member. again, reform and perfect state departments, opposition bureaucracy. Here is listed according to the serious bureaucracy problem in state departments Ning work with improvement style and raising work a series of reform measure of efficiency. list Ning the opinion of these reforms is cut in fraud however because of economic foundation, cultural level, ideological knowledge and such the restriction of realistic condition, Political system does not occur obvious change, concentration level is more and more high . in the system of political party last a party dictatorship have been reinforced , cancel political freedom. Soviet system have become a kind of have no the Communist Party of Soviet system. withing the party prohibit group have the democracy withing the party get strict restriction. have formed the new personal system of centralization of state power on leading system. In the new economic policy period of 20 decade, economic reform is steped great step but political system does not carry out corresponding reform , continue to use war times that a set of practice basically, the phenomenon of power monopoly is more and more serious , the democratic life withing the party is more and more un-sound . therefore, new economic policy carry out rear, Soviet national political system do not not only get change, turn over have been still reinforced greatly. The third part ,Lenin's thinking of existing political system in old age. Because of the function of inside and outside many kinds of factors, the Soviet regime after the October Revolution has implemented the highly centralized political system. Lenin's back understanding that Russia's...
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