Farmer's Education And Countryside Society Vicissitude Of The New Nation In The Early Years (1949-1957)

After new China was founded, the problem of the farmer's education emerged in front ofthe Communist Party of China and the newborn people's regime. The farmer's thick feudalism,unenlightened thought, the weak political idea and backward culture knowledge, caused manydifficulties for the central policy's carrying out the countryside. The Communist Party ofChina and the newborn people's regime implemented the farmer education, including thepastime culture education and the ideological political education, when the war of resistingAmerica and aiding Korea, the land reformed, constitution carried out, the socialisttransformation took place and so on.Elimination of the illiterate person in the farmer is the mainly task of farmer's pastimecultural education. The anti-illiteracy in the first seven years of the new China hadexperienced two high tides and adopted the main forms which were the winter school and theafter-hours school for adults. The government had established the organ called "the farmerwork department to eliminate illiteracy ", and "the associations to wipe out illiterate inPeople's Republic of China "to strengthen the leadership for eliminating illiteracy. Thefarmer's education of the new nation in the early years had obtained a great achievement, butthe deficiency was also quite obvious. The phenomenon of "revive" and "half-cooked" in theeliminated illiteracy education usually happened.The ideological political education included socialism, communism, patriotism,collectivism and so on. It achieved the goal of conforming the farmer's thought, and formed aset of strict propaganda network in the countryside;the propaganda network media mainlywere broadcast, movie, newspaper, conference and so on.Through farmer's education of the new nation in the early years, the general populationsarmed themselves with the ideal of socialism and communism and the modernized scientificculture knowledge, as a result, the situation of the social countryside had the obvioustransformation, too. This transformation showed in the farmer's psychology, thedifferentiation of the occupation, and the warmly surged upward of the farmer's participationin the government. These were all advantageous for the state power to come into effecting thecountryside basic unit and also manifested interaction relations between national and thevillage society's.