The Study Of Antonym In The Book Of "Xunzi"

Xunzi lived in the later stage of the Warring States Period compatriotZhao, who is one of the Confucianists representative figure of school. Hisrepresentative works " Xunzi " are one of the classical works of the pre-Qinperiod, which have extremely important status. Xunzi was good at usingsharp language to criticize different home theory and to citeConfucianism.As a result, most arguments in the book of " Xunzi " are clear,the level is known , the sentence structure is condensed, and vocabularyis abundant.It is very important to study the vocabulary in the book of" Xunzi " for constructing ancient Chinese vocabulary history. This textregards antonym in the book of " Xunzi " as the research object, seeks theexisting way of the antonym, analyzes the opposite situation in their commonsememes, and then study reason and route of development of the meaning ofa word of antonym, and " Xunzi " important function and impact on laterage of antonym analyze correctly. The full text is divided into four Chapteraltogether.In chapter one, it is introduced briefly for Xunzi and the state ofstudy on his work " Xunzi " at first.Later history of study on antonym wasmade and reviewed briefly. We think that the forming of Chinese antonymmust includes three terms : 1) common meaning categories, 2) meaningrelation of opposing each other and yet also complementing each other, 3)the meaning is opposite at a common sememe at least. The method to defineantonym has analytic approach of a sememe, approach of social provinglanguage and approach of text form definition.At last, Language materialis chosen to reflect original appearance of antonym in Xunzi timescorrectly.In Chapter two,we analyze and judge antonym using analytic sememeapproach , approach of social proving language and approach of text formdefinition at first, sums up antonym to 218 pairs in all,including 206pairs of monosyllabic antonyms among them. Later the existing way of theantonym is carried on research to " Xunzi ". We think that the type of antonymusing together and the type of antonym using untogether are the mainexisting ways of the antonym. These two kinds of existing ways haveimportant value for studying and judging the Chinese antonym of the pre-Qinperiod, and exert important influence on the way of style of writing inlater age.In Chapter three,we choose right 25 pairs among them to carry on limitanalysis to the monosyllabic antonym using the type of analytic approachsememes, show their different antithesis situation at a sememe location ,analyze the reason and main route about the meaning of a word of antonymdevelopment. Original meaning and original meaning can be realizedsetting at a certain location;extended meaning and original meaning alsocan, etc. It has important value for analyzing the meaning of a word ofChinese antonym of the pre-Qin periodIn Chapter four, It has been analyzed in such aspects as word-building ,rhetoric and impact on antonym in later age. The type of antonym usingtogether is an important method to form pairs of sound word, the type ofantonym using untogether exerts important influence on the application inrhetoric methods such as the antithesis , parallelism ,etc. The influenceof the antonym is very important to the meaning of a word of the antonymdevelopment.