The Study Of The Fengs Of Linqu In The Ming And Qing Dynasties

The Fengs of Linqu was one of the famous imperial examination families of Shandongarea during the period of the Ming and the Qing Dynasty. Two hundreds years from ZhengDe to Kang Xi, the Fengs did well in imperial examinations for about 7 generations. Theclansman not only obtained scholarly titles, but also took eminent official positions. Amongthem, there were 8 people had been mentioned in the official history. The Fengs was one ofthe distinguished families at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the QingDynasty. Moreover, the Fengs was renowned for its remarkable literature achievementthrough the country yet. Among centuries, the Fengs attached great importance to study andhad good cultural traditions. Among them, more than 10 people reached great achievementat literature for 7 generations, and 4 people's works were embodied in "Si Ku Quan Shu".The Fengs of literature was very famous in the literary world, and had produced greatinfluence on the literature of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. So, the scholarscalled that "the old and well-known family of the North Sea". Influenced by family's socialstanding, the Fengs' descendants except marked in imperial examinations, literature, alsohad more achievements in other fields. Its descendants spread all over country, South Koreaand other places. The 17th generation of the Fengs of South Korea, Feng Rongxie wrote"Feng Da Tong Table", recorded more to this.The thesis is on the basis of collecting the materials extensively, inherit forefathers'research results, has carried on comparatively systematic research to the Fengs in terms offamily's history for the first time. According to the study on the Fengs, I want to tell theinherent development mechanism, survive state, value orientation and the interactionbetween the family and the environment of the distinguished official families during theperiod of the Ming and Qing, looking for the joint between local history and culture history,and an observation visual angle of social history. The thesis includes five parts:Part one: Having probed into the source and migration of the Fengs of Linqu, andseveral main offsprings presented in the course of migrating. The ancestral home of theFengs was Linqu, and then moved to Guangning in the early Hong Wu, returned to Linqu inthe period of Jia Jing, split up several famous offsprings during the process of multiplyingand living later, such as the Changle Fengs, the Yishui Fengs, the South Korean Fengs.Appendix: "Concise pedigree form of the Fengs of South Korea" and "The pedigree form ofmain branches of the Fengs of Linqu ".Part two: From the era background and means that the Fengs grew up, has announcedthe whole course of development of the Fengs. The Fengs in Linqu emerged with imperialexaminations, and then became prosperity. Feng Yu established the Fengs' basic form ofdistinguished family;"Linqu four Feng" achieved great achievements on moral, literatureand career, which made the family's reputation rose, formed the scale of distinguishedfamily;Feng Zilv, Feng Zixian, Feng Qi , Feng Yuan, etc. had made the enormousachievements in family's internal and external construction, the family reached the greatprosperity;During the change from the Ming to the Qing Dynasty, the members of theFengs chose different roads, or revolted the Qing Dynasty for reconstructing the MingDynasty, or never went anywhere, or served the Qing Dynasty, the Fengs entered itsdifferentiation period;After Kang Xi, the Fengs declining;In modern times, the Fengsemerged as a well-known medical family, the Fengs entered its rejuvenation period.Part three: Tell the Fengs' domestic study especially. As an old and well-known family,the Fengs formed its own family characteristics in such aspects as poem, San Qu, Za Ju,Confucianism etc. This thesis mainly tells the Fengs' literature view, Feng Weimin'sConfucianism-Taoism view and his San Qu inditement, Feng Zixian's Confucianism idea.Part four: From the ancestral hall, clan field, sacrifices, family tree discusses theFengs' family organizations preliminary. The completion of the family organizations was animportant manifestness of family's prosperity and basic assurance of sustainabledevelopment of the Fengs of Linqu during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Feng Zixiandevoted to family's construction, proposed setting up the ancestral hall for the first time andmade the detailed etiquette of sacrificing. Feng Qi made the proposal. Because of theirefforts, the ancestral hall could set up. The Fengs' family tree appeared by form of"generation records" at first, until 1848, the form that was just recorded with the tableappeared. Form 1848 to 1962, the Fengs built the table for 4 times. Among the family, "theFengs generation records", "the Fengs family records" and "the Fengs generation table"acted as the part of family tree together.Part five: Probe into the content and cause of family traditions of the Fengs of Linqu.Over 200 years during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Fengs of Linqu did well not onlyin imperial examinations, official careers, but also in literature. Its achievements result fromthe family's traditions handed down from age to age. According to probing into its contentand the cause of family traditions, I want to announce the Fengs' inherent developmentmechanism, in order to strengthen the understanding of the whole of the Fengs.