The Practice Of Party Politics And Historical Consideration On Early R.O.C

As for the modern parliament has many different names, and symbolized with different systems. Two basic factors should be included by all those so-called parliaments: one is the representatives should be elected by voters and form the parliament by them; another is the parliament master the legislative power in a nation's regime system, so the parliament could upgrade the people's will to the whole nation's at least by formally. (explained by ZHANG Youyu's Dictionary of the World Parliament, page 2, published by China Broadcasting & TV Publishing house, 1987.) But the parliaments had been destroyed, laid aside or voided in early ROC period due to many complex reasons, based on those analysis on parliament mentioned before, the study objects in this thesis which could satisfy the requirements of parliament might be: the Nanjng Temporary Senate during Nanjing Temporary government period, Beijing Temporary Senate during Beijing Temporary government period and the first Formal Parliament in early ROC Period. From Feb, 1912 when Nanjing Temporary government founded to Jan, 1914 when the president, Yuanshikai destroyed parliament and forced all left senators back to their hometowns.This thesis will analyze how the western thoughts originally came to China and accepted by some advanced China's intellectuals; what were the thoughts, historical and social conditions led to the result of parliament politics; secondly, this thesis will specially study the structures and organizations mentioned above, how the political parties how were the elections organized, and how was the parliament was operated, and the political conflicts under the system of parliament politics. Furthermore, make analysis on its failure and achievements stand on that period through reviewing the modern China's history. The emphasis for this thesis will be given to the analysis on the real reasons for the practice of Party Government in Early ROC Period, especially from the aspect on the relationship between the change of political culture and traditional culture, this thesis will explain how difficulty it was for the change of the political system and the practice of Party Government in Early ROC Period, which had been influenced by feudal traditional culture. At the last part of this thesis, what are the common conditions should be satisfied by the practice of parliament politics in China and abroad, then how we could construct constitutional politics better in modern China.