The Study On Rhymes Of Ancient Style Poems By Ji'an Writers In The Ming Dynasty

The Ming Dynasty was an important historical period of the phonetic evolution, and many vital phonetic phenomena all appeared, developed and completed in this time. In recent years, researches have indicated that the importance of local accent literature is noticeable. This article begins from rhyme of ancient-style poems by Ji'an writers in the Ming Dynasty, to carry on comprehensive analysis and induction, and then summarizes the system of rhyme of ancient-style poems by Ji'an writers in the Ming Dynasty and these special phonetic phenomena, and discusses its value in Chinese phonetic history.The first chapter has outlined the history of Ji'an, on the subject of status and significance. In the Song Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, Ji'an was extremely developed in economy and education, and it came under influence of the northern immigraters in the history. So the phonetic appearance of Ji'an is different from Gan dialect, and presents a kind of simplification phenomenon like north Mandarin and is worth discussing very much. At present, researches are still not full to the Ji'an dialect, and published researches are also much limited above the modern phonetics. There are only three people: Li Wuwei, Li Hong and Xu Guoyong, whose research works are from dialect and the historical angle. According their production, we can find that on the one hand it presents basic consistent changes with Zhongyuan Yinyun, on the other hand Ji'an dialect may correspond characteristics of present dialect. The topic of discussion from the rhythmic analysis of pronunciation, could provide clues for furthermore clarification of history of Chinese dialect. Besides, through overall research of rhyme of ancient-style poems by Ji'an writers in the Ming Dynasty, we can inquiry into the Mandarin. To some extent, you can make up for certain deficiencies in the theoretical study of Chinese phonetic history. We can also push our research from Ji'an dialect to Gan dialect, seek internal differences, then establish the model of interpretation, and enlighten other similar studies. On research methods, we adopt computer assist literature research system (CALRS) written by Lihong and Liuzheng, Identifying the status of each rhyming words in Guangyun, and carry on data merger, search further, then divide rhyme systems according to its reality. About the principle of dividing systems, we prefer Mr. Zhang Shilu's standard, which will combine the two rhyme systems when they immingle more than 10 percent; otherwise, they will be consider as one.The second chapter focused on literature review process. We get 4439 poems written by 80 Ji'an poets, from poetry anthology and corpuses in the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, Sikuquanshu, Continuation of Sikuquanshu and local history of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. We list to show these poets' native places, birth and death, sources of materials and amounts of poems, and then describe the principles of the collation of these materials and methods. We focus on analysis of the ancient characters and different characters, characters errors, reversal words, polyphone and conflation, and show how to determine ancient-style poetry. In the final part of this chapter, we explain the detailed description of CALR of the function and usage of words. The software can speed up data entry progress, avoiding duplicate data entry, with a choice of correction function to prevent negligent omission. With it, statistical data processing and statistic will become faster and more accurate.The third chapter is analysis about actual rhythm system of ancient-style poems written by Ji'an writers in the Ming dynasty. There are 50502 rhyming words and 11039 rhyming segments, discussing them according to three parts: Yin rhyme, Yang rhyme, Ru rhyme. Then we summarize rhyme categories. There are seven categories in Yin rhymes including Gege, Jiama, Yumu, Zhiwei, Jielai, Xiaohao, Youhou, and six categories in Yang rhymes including Shanxian, Zhenwen, Qinxun, Dongzhong, Gengqing, Jiangyang, and three categories including Wuzu, Jueduo, Deye, altogether 16. In every category, we list their rhyme combination, and quote Guangyun, Zhongyuan Yinyun, Hongwu Zhengyun to discuss the historical evolution of every category.The fourth chapter is on intonation discussion. We counted situations of intonation independence with mixture of ancient-style poetry by Ji'an writers in the Ming Dynasty, specially discussing questions of rising tones rhyming with falling tones, voiced rising tones becoming to falling tones, mixture of enterings, and mixture between Yin rhymes and Ru rhymes. The conclusion is that there are still many voiced rising tone words staying rising tone or having two tones of rising tone and falling tone. This fact can prove that the speed of phonetic evolution in Ji'an is smaller than that in the Mandarin. There are plenty of mixture of different endings in enterings and those mixture between Yin rhymes and Ru rhymes basically onform to Zhongyuan Yinyun. From these phenomena, we can conclude that endings in enterings had shelled in actual spoken language, and there were not entering in some areas in Ji'an in the Ming Dynasty.The fifth chapter has given the explanation to some individual character ronunciations in various rhyme categories, such as "Ta, Zhi, Ju, Cao", which can make up omitting of rhyme books, and give materials for Mandarin research.The sixth chapter is on Ji'an dialect characteristic according to ancient-style poems. There are eight characteristic: rhyming between Zhiwei and Yumu, Gege and Mache, Xiaohao and Youhou, Youhou and Yumu, Jiangyang and Gengqing, Wuzu and Jueduo, combination of endings of Yang rhymes, rhyming between even and rising tone and falling tone. In every characteristic, we list its rhyme examples and also give the suitable consideration to region and the time factor.On the foundation of analysis in above, the seventh chapter summarizes several questions of rhyme of ancient-style poems by Ji'an writers in the Ming Dynasty. In this chapter, we discuss the region distributed issue of local accent characteristic, and refer that the unbalanced distribution of certain characteristics have certain relations with local education conditions and amount of materials. Finally, we explain the difference of Ji'an dialect between the Ming Dynasty and the Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty in the final and the intonation, and new development of modern Ji'an dialect.In the part "After conclusion", we analyze the reasons why on the one hand Ji'an dialect near to Zhongyuan dialect, on the other hand it also have more and more Gan dialect characteristic from the angle of immigration and rounding Gan dialect.