Looking For Pleasure And Neo-Confucians In Sung Dynasty

"Kong yan le chu " is a concept of revolutionary significance in Chinese thought history. From the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty to sung dynasty, "kong yan " was not linked with pleasure. In other words, the Confucians was not mentioned with cultivating the mind and body, not with end-result yet, whereas, it existed by the benefits and constitution arrangement.Hu Yuan, Shi Jie and Sun Fu were the representatives returning to Confucians. But it is not the repeat of the Confucians, many new theories, new spirits, new values were dig out from the classics. It is a reaction to the Buddhism and Taoism, also a revive of Confucians , which combined the government techniques and the code of conduct in everyday life. All the theories were further illustrated by Fan Zhong-yan and Wang An-shi."Kong yan le chu" was first proposed by Zhou Dun-yi, who initiated the great turning in Confucians from the explanation of words to the interpretation of the concepts. With the interpretation of this concept, Zhou Dun-yi mould a trinity Neo-Confucians paradigm of ontology, the bourn and methodology in cultivating the body and mind. And the concept was imparted to Chen Hao and Chen Yi by Zhou Dun-yi, which made them interest the Confucians and played an important role in their lives till to death.Zhou Dun-yi imparted Chen Hao and Chen Yi that the pleasure existed in the hearts of Confucians and his students Yan Hui, besides, asked them to comprehend the pleasure and the hearts of Confucians and Yan Hui. This is a empathy, which inevitably made Chen Hao and Chen yi interest the interpretation of the concepts, not the explanation of words.Since the differences in characteristic and experiences in everyday life, Chen Hao and Chen Yi got different comprehension to the concept of "kong yan le chu". But their students can't get the comprehension from them. The proposition of confining yourselves and reviving the customs of Chen Yi was changed into confining yourselves only, and the proposition of Chen-Hao cultivating your body and mind alike to the nature was turning into Zen.The case of "kong yan le chu" concluded a minor case, the case of "wu yu dian ye". Lu Jiu-yuan and Wang Yang-ming appreciated and succeeded the characteristic of Zeng Dian, who regarded the pleasure is sensational, and that do what you want to do, not confining yourselves. Thus, Zeng Dian was critiqued by Zhu Xi as a symbolical representative of Lu Jiu-yuan. But Zeng Dian was once appraised by Zhu Xi, as a tool to critique the more attention to benefits but little to cultivate the body and mind of Zhenjiang school.