Ethical Thought Research On The Economic And Philosophical Manuscripts Of 1844

The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844(The Manuscripts as follows )has a special position in the history of Marxism ethical idea . Karl Marx not only made a systematic exposition of the thoughts of his philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism, but also focussed on lots of ethical problems at the first time by criticizing the national economy of the bourgeoisie , the utopian socialists theory and the philosophy of Hegel. Ethics itself is the basic direction of Marxism. Though Karl Marx didn't construct formal ethics version, the theory of Marxism demonstrated a strong ethical intention or spirit. The Manuscripts just reflected this intention or spirit.Since The Manuscrips was whole open published in German in the Soviet Union in 1932 , the western scholars who studied The Manuscripts published many academic thesises to explain it. Since 1940's, an enthusiasm to The Manuscipts spread through the whole western countries. Lots of works which sdudied were published, especially many theoreticians who called themselves Marxist explained The Manuscipts differently,and absorbed all kinds of explanation in their own theories.They made it become a main source of all kinds of Western Marxim.We can't approve the opinion of the Western Marxist,but there's much in their methods that we can make use of,such as the way of social and culture critique, the way they understood and expounded Marxism through the man.In the end of 1930s, Chinese Scholars began to translate and study The Munuscripts.But the study fell behind within a long time because of the reason of history. From the end of nineteen seventies on,they cared and discussed The Manuscripts again.They published a lot of thesises and works which studied alienation and humanitarianism in The Manuscripts.But many studied it only from philosophical angles.The works which studied from ethical angles can't be seen as usual.The ethical idea in The Manuscripts emerged against the background of the developing of the capitalism in 1900s and the losing of the humanitarianism.Marx rationally assimilated the classical economic ethical idea and sublated the classical naturalism and humanism by criticizing religion.He observed and studied morals on the base of material production ,deeply revealed the relationship between economic benefit and morality and made ethics have a scientific form.This thesis consists of five parts.The introduction mainly introduces the reason and the significance of choosing the title,the general research situation.The body made a systematic exposition of the ideas of The Manuscripts in the fields of humanity,economic ethics, political ethics,environmental ethics and communism,etc.Studying the ethical ideas of The Manuscripts has an important theoretical significance in getting a good grasp of the history of Marxim ethical ideas.It also has an important realistic significance in modern society, especially in the construction of socialism thought and morality, and in the construction of socialism harmonious society on the base of human.This paper synthesized and cardinged the studying material on the base of predecessors.It used a way of studying the version and combining theory with reality.It expounded the times background and thought source by conformitying and summing up the scattered studying materials.It revealed the ethical ideas of The Manuscripts and combined it with times practice .It indicated the important realistic significance to the construction of material civilization,spiritual civilization and political civilization in the primary stage of socialist society .The original idea of this paper mainly reflected in the deep and allsided studying the ethical ideas of The Manuscripts,and in promugating the times value of the construction of socialism morality and socialism harmonious society on the base of human.