The Preliminary Study About The Problems Of Qin's Patriarchal Clan System Before The Shang Yang's Reform

About the patriarchal clan system questions, persons at all times and in all countries carried on many characteristic research from different angles based on different theories, but persons who studied the patriarchal clan system in Qin Guo were not many, and they mainly concentrated on the patriarchal clan system after Shang Yang political reform, besides, persons who had already conducted the research mostly came to such conclusions that"There was not strict patriarchal system in Qin Guo"and that"The patriarchal system in Qin Guowas weak". The author thinks there are some deficiency in their research, for example: They did not relate Qin Guo's civilized foundation with the situation in all aspects of Qin Guo and the historical influence that Qin Dynasty gave to the late Dynasty to make a comprehensive inspection; They did not note the patriarchal system characteristic in Qin; They did not pay attention to the characteristic because the patriarchal clan system worked as a transition between the natural social organization and the political organization; The majority had deviation to the concept patriarchal clan system in understanding.Therefore, the author takes the view of the patriarchal clan systemas as a guide,which come from of the Marxism– Leninism,Mao Zedong Though. With the foundation of fully summarizing the predecessors'research results, taking the whole history of Qin Dynasty as the macroscopic background, taking politics, economy, military, diplomacy, culture, the geographical environment and so on as the carrier and the observation surface, using the methods of real diagnosis analysis and comparison, the author explores the related questions about the clan law of Qin: Individual and group; family and clan, patriarchal clan; social class and social stratum; event and evolution; patriarchal clan and marriage race; male and female; system and culture and so on. This article mainly consists of four parts except the preface and the conclusion.Preface: I mainly introduced the value, the content, the method and the present situation of academic research of the topic Qin patriarchal clan system, and made some limits of the time and the stage significance about"Qin"in the article.PartⅠ: The author used a method which was different from many predecessors', that was, I proved the scientific nature of the definition which Qian Zongfan teacher made concerning patriarchal clan system again mainly from the angle of the ancient writing study. The patriarchal clan system as at the various destricts and nations would display diver characteristics along with the time, spatial and the race group difference, and this kind of characteristic had already been known by ours ancestor and had been recorded with the writing form. Thus, it could explain that the research topic of Qin patriarchal clan system was not leaving oneself open to rumor but had the solid rational foundation.PartⅡ: I mainly discussed Ying Qin clan, the congenital significance which the Qin race history civilization formed to the later characteristic of Qin patriarchal clan system. In addition, through comparing Qin civilization with Shang Dynasty's civilization and Zhou race civilization, I explained although the Qin patriarchal clan system had the relation with the Zhou clan law, it was the same as the Shang Dynasty's type. Therefore, we are not sure of the existence on the Qin patriarchal system by the standard of Zhou patriarchal clan system. The predecessor had all sorts of misunderstandings to the Qin patriarchal clan system, and the key was that they did not realize this point.PartⅢ: In front of Shang Yang political reform Qin becomes the week by the dependency a feudal lord country, again turns a formidable feudal lord country through the national territory expansion, Qin Guo'spatriarchal system also on in with in the week civilization contact,in by moves about in search of pasture the civilization to in theagricultural civilization transformation, unceasingly is expanding the national territory and in the multiplication population process, The Qin patriarchal system change development on gradually unifieswith the class differentiation under political civilizationconstruction, thus displays the transition characteristic which thetradition and the realistic utility unifies, as well as the Qin royalcourt family is despotic and the common people family poor and weaktwo-pole opposition characteristic. The Shang Yang political reform and the after patriarchal clan system are preciselydevelops along this direction, finally forms two levels of split upthe patterns.PartⅣ: The reform advocated by Shang Yang and the foundation of Qin Dynasty are the great things. This part explains the Qin Family Clan system simply: on the one hand, the strengthened tyrang of Qin king's family kept the form of the big family of the patriarchal clan system,on the other hand,the common people had a small family of which the couple were the core,who had nothing rights nearly like a slave.After the foundation of the Qin Dynasty,in order to stabilize the power of feudalism,on the one hand,the privileges of the head of the family became so powerful,which a companied by the stabilization of the Qin Dynasty;however,the other persons was exclusive of the power and only one part of the whole family ;On the other hand,the Qin used his own patriarchal clan system unchangeably when it unified the six countries despite of the developing law of the Guandong Area.Qin brutally governed the common people of the six countries,which resulted in the rebels partly.The experience of the patriarchal clan system promote the development of the formula of the economy of landlord combined with small farmer.Further more,the two special questions about the patriarchal clan system are related,the females of Qin king's family and the relationship between the Qin and the small nations of the southwest districts.At last the future question are presented about the patriarchal clan system conclusion:the development of the patriarchal clan system before the Shangyang Reform is close with the clan of Ying Qin and the civilization of the Qin Clan.The characteristics of the primitive,complication ,utility,variablity were formed because of the expansion of the country ,differentiation of class and the development the political civilization.I had planed the whole study including the whole patriarchal clan system of Qin Dynasty in order to study it completely,but the paper only focuses on the problems of patriarchal clan system before Slavy Yang Reform, Because the shortness is inevitable,your any advise is welcome.