The Observation Of Two Structures With Verbs The Measure Words

As it is know to all, for the Chinese which morphology is inadequate, the constituent order is a doubtless important grammatical means. Almost all the ancient and modern scholars value the research of constituent order, and the research of constituent order of"在+L"is highly anticipated. What this text want to study is two structrues which referring to the constituent order between"在+L"and verbal phrase:"一M+VP+在+L"(type A) and"在+L+VP+一M"(type B).We found from the analysis of syntactic feature of the two types, that there are many same verbal measure words and verb (phrase) in the two structrues, and almost most of the verbal measure words are borrowed from nouns, most of which are body organ or instrument. The verbs (phrase) crossing in two types are the controllable verb which has strong anti-personal force, belonging to the subcategory of strike meaning verb. In aspect of numerals, Type A just limited to"一", type B is different. For the semantic content of"在+ L" in type B, former scholars has nearly the same viewpoint, that is "the place of action occurrence", but according to the Principle of TemporalSequence of Dai Haoyi: The comparative order of two sentence units depends on the time order of the state which they would express in their concept。In "在+ L+ VP+一M" the "在+ L" should appear first of"VP+一M" .We discover this conclusion out of accordance with fact, and is absurd. We think "在+ L" has the same semantic content in"在+ L+ VP+一M" and"一M+VP+在+L", both refer to"the place the action arrives". However, according to the economy principle of language, two sentence types, which have same semantic content, can't co-exist in a kind of language, so the two types certainly has differences in semantic function. The corpus demonstrate, the action in type A are intentional or not. Not intentional action is the result of immediate, the actor has no prepare or of illness, weariness etc, which usually cause serious result; for intentional action, the"place"is not only the place which action will arrive, but also is the fight object, this kind of action always because of its strong intention , has serious results. The type A compared, the stroke strength of the type B is smaller, and some even has passive meaning, and the result is not serious either. If ever of contain strong stroke intention, fight strength i s also very big, but choose type B to express, then the intention and degree is weaken.The research result of Yu Yongmei indicates that the opposition of type A and B demonstrate on expecting or non-expecting. But we discovered by analysis that the place in the type A can be anticipant, the type B can also be used in non-expecting context. Under this kind of circumstance, the opposition of A and B emphasizes the difference of strike strength and strike result more.The type A is the natural word order of strong attack strength and serious result, type B is the word order of weak attack strength and not serious result. If type B will express strong attack strength and serious result, it should affixture "heavily""ruthlessly" etc to assist. The degree of attack and the severity of result , together with the expectation and non expectation factor, affect the linearity of"VP" and "在+ place "' in syntactic surface.The position problem of "在+ L" is very complex, involving a lot of factors, our research just a small part. The Principle of Temporal Sequence by Dai Haoyi, as the universal restricting rule of constituent order, meet difficulty here in our research object. We hope our conclusion in this text can be a brick w hich can attract a jade, to the finding of a real universal restricting rule of constituent order.