Historical Review On The Mutual Aid Of Agricultural Labor Movement Of The Hebei Base

This thesis is divided into four parts.It investigates systematically the Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement in the Hebei Base during the Anti-Japanese War.First,the origin and development of the Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement;Second,the form and content of the mutual aid groups about agricultural labor;Third,the start and management of the mutual aid groups about agricultural labor;Forth,the achievement of the Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement.In the Hebei Base during the Anti-Japanese War,individual economy had been existing and developing for a long time;its disadvantages were inevitable because of its individual and dispersal;then in countryside,because individual economy was backwardness,and the peasants wanted their work to achieve the corresponding repayment, the custom of cooperation work was usually existed around relatives and friends;after the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a lot of policy and instructions about organizing labor to start mutual aid in labor on the basis of the predessors'theory of cooperation and mutual.Japanese army destroyed the base seriously;the reactionaries of the Kuomintang opposed the CCP;natural calamity invaded and attacked the base;then the big production campaign which had strong development in 1943 was the boundary,the development of the Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement also experienced some different stages.As the developing spirit of the Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement,the form and content of the mutual aid groups about agricultural labor experienced two stages during the Anti-Japanese War,and also emerged a lot of differences.Before the year of 1943,the Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement of the base hadn't many improvement.There were many organizations besides the form of Bogong,Baogong,for example,mutual aid group,farming team which were organized by administrative power.But they were failed because of formalization.And the content also concentrated in agricultural production,for example,cultivating virgin land,hoeing up weeds,cultivating land,harvesting,etc...After the year of 1943,the Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement emerged many developments.There were many new forms besides the form of Bogong,Baogong,for example,the combination between production and war, the combination between production and education, the combination between production and war service, the combination between production and marketing,etc...The content also extended from agricultural production to sideline even to family affairs.The Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region therefore could develop into the large-scale mass movement,first,it was necessary to have right organization and the way.Meeting the masses.On the basis of the CCP's appeal,publicizing and explaining the benefits of Bogong with the role of typical examples,as well as cadres and activists; Organizing voluntarily by the need of people on the basis of mastering the specific situation,with particular emphasis on allocation for the head of option;implementing equivalent exchange on the basis of setting standards for democracy.Second,it was also necessary to strengthen and continue.This would require constant and effective solution to consolidate the management. The cadres must make a thorough investigation, resolve the various problems timely in the process,strengthen education and develop labor competition, the most important thing was to develop the system, the labor program.The Mutual Aid of Agricultural Labor Movement acquired astonishing achievement.It produced strong effect.First,enhancing labor efficiency.Adjusting man power,material resources,grain;bringing into full play their role;improving enthusiasm of people;starting to the work upsurge;developing sideline of countryside;improving agricultural practices.It was very important to perfect the peasants'life.Second,stimulating the interest in learning of people;improving their knowledge about politics,culture and military generally.Third,improving the social custom;so the lazy was changed,the farmers tended to start a fair,impartial psychology,and improving the status of women, improving relations among the various sectors of society in the rural areas.