The Tuling Test,Chinese Room Theories And The Influence To The Functionalism

"Can machine think?"is always the science and the philosophy argument focal question. The computer theory pioneer Turing, believe that the machine can be thinking. He propose the famous Turing test experiment, believe so long as machine in satisfies the experimental condition to be able to through the Turing test, namely the machine can cause the investigator not to be able to distinguish clearly to the question reply which is the person produce, which is the machine produce, then people can believe that the machine have the same understanding with people, so the machine has the thought ability. However, the Turing viewpoint has encountered by many critiques, including the theology objection, mathematics objection and consciousness argument.Most famous opposition is the Chinese room thought experiment which is proposed by language philosopher Searle. Through the experiment, Searle believed that even if the machine passed the Turing test, people also cannot think it has the thought ability, also cannot think it is have the understanding. Because Searle believe that the machine manipulated by program does not have the intentionality, but the causal powers of brain is sufficient for the intentionality. Program merely is the syntax but not the semantics, so it cannot have the mind. The mind production is must have its biological foundation。The computer hardware and the human brain have the essence difference of biology and non- biology. Searle believed that any attempt to create intentionality artificially could not succeed.But the functionalism principle believed, no matter how the internal condition which moves between the input and the output have what physical foundation and movement mechanism, so long as it can transform some kind of input into the specific output, then this internal condition is the psychological condition. Thus, the Turing's theory has the positive influence to the functionalism, but Searle proposed challenge from the different aspects to the functionalism.Therefore, this article firstly introduce the Turing test experiment, including the content of the test ,the meaning of the machine which participated in experiment and each kind of oppositions viewpoint, secondly introduce Searle's Chinese room thought experiment, finally concentrated to the functionalism question ,and carry on the comparison of the Turing and Searle to the different influence to functionalism.