A Study On Hunan's Population Migrate And Its Low In Ming-Qing Times

Hunan has a large of free soil and a little population in ancient time. Its geography position is a relatively closed environment of a regional economic geography. And Hunan is the hometown of Miao and Yao people. After the long historical heritage, especially during Ming-Qing times, Hunan experiencing a large scale population immigrant movement. After the movement, Hunan's population structure had a great change. Since then the history of Hunan province present a more active character.The Jiangxi people began to migrate to Hunan sporadically and constantly since Tang period because of the war, the heavy corvee, the swelled population and other factors. The immigrant movement reached a peak during Ming-Qing times. The movement formed a tide of immigrant which is called "Jiangxi filled Hunan", because the Jiangxi immigrant population take the majority than the other province. And the majority of Jiangxi immigrant came from Nanchang and Jian region, he distribution of the immigrant in Hunan show more concentrate in middle, northern, eastern Hunan. Then even Hunan has suffer several turbulence in Ming-Qing times, and Hunan's politics, economy and culture was also rebuild and developed accompany with the great transformation of the Hunan's population structure. And the feudal agricultural economy was once reached a prosperous situation called "Hunan rich and the country rich".At the meanwhile of "Jiangxi filled Hunan", there also intertwined with the Hunan's population emigrate to other provinces. Hunan has already got some developed at the Ming-Qing times. The population and the land's relation showed a tense situation. The contradictions between the local and the immigrants raised because of the Natural disasters, the war and the continuing influx of immigrants from the other provinces. So the local and the new or old immigrants of Hunan move to the other region and even move to the other province. The emigrant place is almost focus on Sichuan, Shanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and etc. And the movement formed a tide called "Huguang filled Sichuan.This study take the previous study and based on Hunan's local records, tongzhi and clan records. It is used the demographics, sociology and other science theory. And the study is try to comprehensively analysis the cause, the process and the volume of the Hunan's immigrants in Ming-Qing times, nd the study try to discuss the transformation of late Hunan society from the population migrant angle. The population migrant today is sporadic and spontaneously, but through the study on the movement of the Hunan's population migrant in Ming-Qing times, we can analysis society influence by the population migration through the population migration shape the Hunan people's character and social Psychological inertia. And we can supply some history clues to find the key of the harmony between people and the society.