Change Of Chinese Social Appellation And The Reasons

Sociolinguistics has risen since in the sixties of the 19th century,and the social appellation has been an important subject for research of sociolinguistics all the time.The linguistics researchers of our country absorbed the foreign research results actively,begun to pay attention to the study on social appellation. Someone seeks the cultural intension that the appellation contains from the angle of culture,investigate the relation between the appellation of modern Chinese and China's traditional culture; Someone uses the modern semantics research approach,do some analysis to the social appellation,somebody edits the appellation language into a dictionary.This paper has carried on discussion and research to the definition of the social appellation at the beginning,having drawn lessons from the domestic scholar's research results,Mr.Sun Weizhang points out:Appellation call,or how people call others and oneself in communication.In addition,"etymology" and "big dictionary of Chinese" is all with "call" explains as "the appellation";CaoWei thinks:What the appellation language is had in mind is various social relationships each other of people,and the social role that people acts,etc.,and it can be a term of calling—The appellation language at this time is the address at the same time,he can not be a term of calling—the appellation language at this time is only an appellation language,instead of the address.What the address in mind is the speech means that people greet face to face.What is called appellation language,is used for showing the social interpersonal relationships between people and people,it has reflected the position that people are in the society and name which roles acted used.So-called the address,it is people that greet the name that the other side use face to face. (Whether Acer,long to celebrate abundantly Ma,1998)From last angle investigate Chinese several main social change of appellation this paper,and analyze the reason of changes by its change.There are two respects time in the investigation of several main social appellations,first,because of the generalization of meaning,and turn into a derogatory sense gradually,with "comrade ","young lady" It is the example;"comrade","young lady " The reasons of changes of these two social appellations are both because of the generalization of their meaning,have it from the course that praises while changing to demoting too,and they will have result disappearing finally in the course of this change.It is because of the catalysis of this kind of derogatory sense too. The generalization of the meaning,make people not select them for use to go for communication again,because people want to finish their communication purpose,so will let the appellation be become and well assisted naturally,all factors of hindering communication purpose and reaching will inevitable disappear.Second,varying with social status,the frequency of utilization changes,with " master worker","teacher","boss","gentleman" It is the example.Sum up as two the above on the whole main social change of appellation,so as not to discussion in reason of changes.After all,"master worker,"teacher" With "boss" Three change of appellation because target change of social status that they refer to,with the improvement or reducing of their social status,the frequency that the appellation uses is improving or reducing.The language is a kind of social phenomenon,then,the change of target's social status is just natural will influence languages. The development of the appellation language,reflect the present social living environment takes economic life as the core,healthy, orderly environment that the political environment is loose. People's culture life inclines to the diversification,the practical psychology inclines to melting extensively,pursuing the realization and satisfied of the self-value constantly.It can not exchange limitedly in the area,depth and broadness exchanged are being all strengthened,strengthened constantly. And object two respects to influence mutant factor of the appellation analyze from subject.The constant progress of the society,the economic one is constant and developed,promote the integration of the society,the thoughts of people are gradual and active,political environment is loose,the freedom of the speeches of people,changing influencing the social appellation invisibly. Different communication and words environment,make the factor that people want to consider while choosing the social appellation increase constantly.It is more complicated to influence the mutant factor of the appellation,but can basically be from call person's emotion inclination in communication activity,mood,psychology need and communicate the scene find the answer speech behavioral response or attitude in call person of breathing out etc., requirement of person who breathe out.Though mainly change the factor based on the main body and object two respects,this text lays particular emphasis on the investigation of the subject factor, emphasize subject oneself position or emotion indicated to want inclined to factor to social appellation enormous function that change.People will make certain choice to the appellation,the subjective reason is only to think that "succeeding".Success here,it was the purpose to finish this communication that was pointed.For the drive of such subjective psychology,people's requirements for appellation are improving constantly too;this appellation must become the most favorable complementary tool that they finished the communication purpose.It can make in this appellation language the most rational embodiment of the position of the other side,and then achieve one's own communication purpose and make the oldest contribution for people.While involving the object factor,point out country's convergent phenomenon that the change of the social appellation develops towards the developed area or economy.Propagate direction under system of market economy, show as until economy developed,economical status high area radiate outwards.Reflect the present social living environment takes economic life as the core,the healthy,orderly environment that the political environment is loose.People's culture life inclines to the diversification,the practical psychology inclines to melting extensively,pursuing the realization and satisfied of the self-value constantly.It can not exchange limitedly in the area,depth and broadness exchanged are being all strengthened, strengthened constantly.It is inclined to forming a kind of model for people in the backward area with the thought of people in the economically developed area.The change of the social appellation is no exception naturally. This paper is mainly the relevant theories based on sociolinguistics,the method to adopt languages and analyze carries on research to the social appellation,through to already there is research of materials and literary works,etc.that has further understood the change in the modern society of appellation and reason of changing.This paper is making every effort to explore the practice meaning of the appellation language through the research of the symmetrical predicate too.In communication,people, only according to target's position characteristic in the social level system of communication,be able to reflect the other side's sense of self-respect and appellation language of the value sense to choose suitably,or redound,or conspicuous the other side's position in the level system,or can reflect the relations of both sides properly,or accord with people's value orientation,etc.in particular era,could ferment a good beginning for people's communication,make the following communication success will succeed after conditions of communication are ripe.In the modern society,communication has already become an art,then the choice to the social appellation should be double cautious naturally.Choose the correct social appellation language to consider all main objective factors abundantly in an all-round way, should accord with the linguistic context as well as accord with and talk the identities of both sides.So,the research of the symmetrical predicating can instruct people's communication.To a certain extent,this paper has certain realistic meanings.