Research On Li Lu And His Ci Poetry

Li Yu went through several significant periods, which had a major impact on his life because there were important events that occurred in each period, and thus his life took on very obvious characteristics in these periods. Li Yu's life was divided into four periods based on his experiences, thinking and emotion reflected in his ci poetry—a form of classical poetry. I analyze his ci poetry with a view of understanding him from his ideas embodied in his articles in order to give all his ci poetry reasonable and separate phases, and make sure each ci poem belonged to the right period, and thus classified them correctly according to the feeling tendency of his ci poetry.Li Yu's life can be divided into four periods. The first period is from July 7, 937 in the lunar calendar when he was born to September, 961when his brother Hongji died, during which period he was very depressed because his elder brother Hongji, who was pursuing the throne, envied him very much. The second period is from the death of his brother to 964 when his second son Zhongxuan died in his early age. During this period he ascended the throne, used flexible strategy to Song Dynasty, so he won a temporary peace in the country, leading a relatively calm life. The nature of his loving coziness showed fully, he and his wife together with his ministers dancing and singing all day long, eating with a feast and often going out-seeing in the spring. After his wife was ill he fell love with her sister Nuying, which performed a love story. The third period is from October 2nd in 964 when his second son died young to November 27th in 975 when Southern Tang was conquered. During this period Li Yu's both sad and worrisome as a result of the death of his beloved wife and son, and his brother's surrender to Song, which was threatening them. The fourth period is from November 27th in 975 when Southern Tang perished to July 8th in 978 when Li Yu died. Li Yu was jailed in the Courteous-to-talent House during this period. The miserable plight, depressed mood and his nostalgia often doubled his worries.Based on emotional themes, Li Yu's ci poetry can be divided into seven categories, which belonged to four periods respectively. The first period majored in Yuyin ci poetry, the second period singing-dancing, sight-seeing, and love affair poems, the third period mainly memorial, friends-missing, husband-missing ones, and the fourth period homeland-losing, sadness, hatred ci poetry. In addition to the analysis of the article focused on the well-known sadness and hatred poems, the other ones of Li Yu have also been given adequate attention and fair evaluation, rather than partial, or even just one point while neglecting others. Some of the misconceptions were also refutedLi Yu won great artistic achievements. The essay illustrates his poetry from four aspects, i.e. the emotional content, techniques of expression, characteristics of its language, and styles of his writing analyzed along with specific ci poetry. First, Li Yu wrote his ci poetry with sincere and deep emotion, which is generally recognized. Secondly, the technique of expression is varied. He was good at narrative description, with vivid characters, using images and artistic conception. Thirdly, he used simple language that could express various feelings. Finally, there are a variety of styles which refer to a wide range of Li Yu's artistic features. Generally speaking, his poetry can be classified into three styles. The first one is a fresh and bright ci poem, which is mainly in Li Yu's first and second periods during which time his ci poetry is talked about in the above passage. The second is a depressed one, which is mainly in the third period. The third style refers to the tragic, bold and unconstrained ci poetry mainly in the fourth period.Li Yu made great contributions to the development and innovation of ci poetry. For the first place, Li Yu is realistic in his writing. He wrote from smart boys to beautiful girls, from love stories to battle ones, entering broader theme areas, expanding the range of feeling expression, and allowing more words to describe life. For the second, he improved the way of expression through his poems, from the unseen and hidden twists to the obvious, from piles of ornate words to a simple language, enriching images and expression approaches.The artistic achievements of Li Yu had far-reaching impact on poetry-writing of future generations. It profoundly affected Yan Shu, OuYang-xiu, and Qin Guan in their graceful words .He also inspired Su Shi, Xin Qi-ji in their bold words, which reflects that Li Yu played an important role in inheriting the past and ushering in the future.