A Study On Nanjing National Government Of The First Decade Of The Frontier-type Special Administrative Region System

Since the modern times especially Republic of China, the foreign enemy has harassed and invaded the border area and the interior especially establishes a separatist regime which harm to National unity becomes the main difficult problem which puzzles people particularly the authorities. Beginning the Nanjing National government establishes, it faces many internal and external problems. Internally, the Nanjing National government gradually unifies in the form, passes through the Central Plains War, basically has leveled against the forces of warlords. After that just stabilized down National government throw the very major partial energy in exterminating on the Communist Party of China and the Red Army. Externally, China has suffered imperialist countries of Eastern and Western aggression, and the border areas following the end of the Qing dynasty Early Republic of China once again become the object of their aggression, the imperialists attempted to use the internal contradictions of the Chinese nation to split China, Japan invades Manchu further eroded Mongolia, the United Kingdom planning Tibet"independence"; Under the instigation of external forces, in order to maintain its family and the group benefit the top of some ethnic minorities does not hesitate for the bystander to use, and attempt to carry on the border area to establish a separatist regime even the racial segregation activity, China's border area once again presents the crisis. Regarding the Nanjing National government, seeks both can maintain the national unification and can be advantageous for the border area development the political structure to become the very urgent important task. It is in this special form, Nanjing national government to safeguard national unity in ethnic minority border areas especially in the implementation of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs of the Special Administrative Region of the border regime came into being. This article plans to through the study of the frontier-type special administrative region system (the Mongolia and Tibet) during the Nanjing National government times, Inspects the Nanjing National government, in the decline of central authority, the prevalence of geographical circumstances, how to change the central and local governments system and to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity. This article, from the frontier-type special administrative region system choice's reason, the frontier-type special administrative region system's choice, the frontier-type special administrative region system's design, the frontier-type special administrative region system's characteristic and so on several aspects, will discuss the existence and the transformation each politics social factor of the frontier-type special administrative region system under the leadership in the province system , inquire into the country's political integration difficulties and analyze its impact on the modern politics. The article text is divided into four parts:Part I: The reasons for setting the frontier-type special administrative region system. Mainly from the late Qing and Early Republic of China border crisis, the traditional border control policy, the late Qing and Early Republic of China's design of the frontier-type Special Administrative Region, to explore the historical origins of the frontier-type Special Administrative Region.Part II: The choice of the frontier-type special administrative region system. Introduced the Nanjing National government's national policy, how to treat the frontier province has undergone a change from setting province to autonomous, and pointed out that its autonomous was only one method, the establishment province in the border area is the final goal.Part III: The designation of the frontier-type special administrative region system. Has carried on the analysis regarding the Mongolian and Tibetan area double track system. One of the central management of national affairs, and the presence of local institutions; the other of Mongolian and Tibetan place organization as well as Mongolia and Tibet in inland office. And pointed out that in the central and local relations between the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs unstable circumstances, the role which the Central People's Government in the local and Mongolia and Tibet in inland office played in linking the central and Mongolia and Tibet is much bigger than the normal system.Part IV: Conclusion. Analysis of the Nanjing National Government of the Special Administrative Region of the border areas of the characteristics of the system, as well as the factors causing these characteristics, and clarify the border of the Special Administrative Region of the historical role and system limitations, further pointed out that the existing regional ethnic autonomy is the final destination of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs.