National Salvation-cum-Change The Situation Lagging Far Behind

In 1930s and 1940s, the movement of Universalizing national and fundamental education in Guangxi designed by one of great educators in twenty century of China named Lei-peihong and supported by Guangxi Provincial Government, was not only changed the educational and social condition of Guangxi, but also made a great influence to the whole country. The aim of this movement was want to make the ideal to be come true: Education is the birth-rights of everyone. It should improve the citizen quality through education. At the same time, it had two historic mission: one was to cultivate citizen's patriotic spirit, strengthen their national consciousness, so that they can fight against Japan and save the nation actively; the other was to impart productive and daily life knowledge to the people, so that they can participate in the local political, economic and social construction, change the status of ignorant, poor, weak and selfish in the past. So we can say that the movement had the aims first to salvage the country and, secondly to enlighten the citizens.After six years effort, every village in Guangxi had set national-fundamental school, the number of receiving national-fundamental education had been doubled, especially the adult education. The whole province formed the ethos of advocating study, every citizen knew why and how to fight against Japan and defend their hometown and motherland. In the process of universalizing national and fundamental education, Guangxi province adopted every proper method, and provided so much experience to the whole nation with its scientific methods and practical spirit.Because of weak foundation and aggression of Japan, there were still many problems, especially in the respect of lacking of fund and teacher, all the facts mentioned above influence the quality of the movement. This article mainly comment the position of the movement in modern Chinese education reforms through describing the background of history, the aim of universalizing education, the two mission of national salvation and lagging change and its detail operation. At the same time, it also analysis the difficulty and shortcoming, maybe it can provide some enlightenment for our present age.