Government's Control And The Peasant-Associations' Development In Sichuan—1927-1949

The peasant association is the organization that was appeared in the late Qing Dynasty .At the time, China faced the various economic and social crisis, so, some industralist and capitalist reformers who accepted western thoughts, such as Sun zhongshan, Liang qichao, claimed to built up peasant- associations to improve agriculture . The government agreed with their assertion and made the peasant- association law .Under this background, the associations were built up in sichuan. In the late Qing dynasty, some peasant association was built up in some cities,counties,villages and towns of sichuan, but it was not general.In the period of the Great Revolution, for launching peasants to carry out revolution activities, Revolutionary Party built up the peasant-associations in a few cities,counties,villages and towns of some provinces,such as guangdong,hu nan etc. And a few peasants' associations were also build up in the counties,villages and towns of Si Chuan. But they were very little and very morbidity.After the establishment of Nanjing citizen's government, for pulling people from Communists, Nanjing government modified the peasant- association laws and made some new policies. The new laws had many limits to the farmers' associations .And since 1928, the modified farmers' association laws and policies requested to restructure and organized fanners' association in everyplace. But the role of the associations was changed greately. It not only helped the government develop economy, but also controlled people. Although the government requested to restructure farmers' association, before 1935 , because of the wars between the warlords in sichuan, the governmental order is not being promoted, the farmers' associations were not developped. After 1938, the government was moved to Chong Qing .At this time, the citizen's government strengthenned to control sichuan, the ordinances that set up the fanners' association were led into implementation relevantly, a great deal of fanners' associations organizations were built up in most of cities ,Counties and countries of sichuan.At that time, In each county, country ,farmers' association canied out a series of social and economic activities under guiding of the government, such as expanding good seed ,Organizing a loan , publiciting fighting the invading etc,which played a important role to Si Chuan's social and economy development and promoting the victory for fight the invading .In a word , the farmers' associations in sichuan made progress in the minguo period,But because the budget lacks and various reasons, many peasants' associations were not universal. The associations in the places which were near chengdu city had more development,but others which were out of the way had little development. What's more, because of promoter of the farmers' association -the citizen governmental the rank natural character made it not possible to become real farmer's own organization but the tool that the government controlled people at that time, and this character limited the function that farmers' association promoted economic society development.