The Research On Depressive Patients' Self-esteem And Attribution

Researches on depression mainly focus on patients' self-evaluation in terms of self-schema and self-esteem.It is proved that depressive patients have negative self-schema different from normal people.Explicit self-esteem of low level is related to depression.As the implicit self-esteem was frequently studied,researchers found that the depressive patients also have positive self-evaluation.In this research,we intend to reprove that whether self-esteem differ between depressive patients and normal persons, what relationship are there between depressive patients and normal persons,and whether attribution could influence self-esteem.This research includes two parts:This study includes two parts:In research 1,30 depressive patients and 30 normal persons completed Self-esteem Scale(SES)to measure explicit self-esteem and received implicit association test(IAT)which was designed to measure implicit self-esteem.The explicit self-esteem level and implicit self-esteem level were compared between the depressive patients and normal persons.In research 2,2(type of subject:depressive patients and normal persons)x3(type of attribution:inner,outer and none control)was designed to explore the influence of attribution.Subjects were the same with those in research 1.Depressive patients and normal subjects were respectively randomly divided into 3 group according to 3 types of attribute,every group had 10 persons.They completed a difficult logogriph task first and then were feed back in 3 different way. And then,all the subjects finished the Self-esteem Scale and implicit association test.The results showed:(1)The explicit self-esteem of the depressive patients was significantly lower than that of normal persons(t=-15.104,p=0.000＜.05).(2)For implicit self-esteem,the two groups had no difference(t=.844,p＞0.05). (3)The explicit self-esteem was lower than the implicit self-esteem in depressed persons(t=.526,p=0.002＜.05),while was higher in the normal persons (t=-3.355,p=0.002＜.05).(4)Attribution inducement has no influence on either explicit self-esteem or implicit self-esteem(F=.174,p=.840＞.05).