A Study Of The Negotiation Concering Revising Treaty In 1854

In 1854, when Western countries put forward revising the treaty requests, the Qing government avoided a direct envoy of the western countries representations and Western repair contract requirements, as that an excuse violating the"Emperor court system". Impacted by the small-peasant mentality, fettered by"Emperor court system"concept, lacked of desire external exchanges, China lost a chance through peaceful negotiations to avoid war. Which Western powers proposed amendment, of course, is an arrogant move to increase interests in China, but in the terms of Western countries amendment, exchanging diplomatic envoy in line with modern international practice, opening trade port is in favor of participation in global competition and learning the advanced technology culture for China, abolishing Likin tax is good for promoting commodity circulation and impacting the behindhand feudal economy. Screened each item, the Qing government could accept, or refuse, or resolve it through consultation. As the situation of the declining trend, the military, and financial resource is not enough to contend with the West situation in China, at the background of forced expansion in the modern capitalist and economic trend of globalization, and Western countries hoped to achieve the"revised"purpose through peaceful means, if the Qing government could clearly understand the situation, seize the opportunity to negotiate with Western countries and make appropriate concessions for signing, not only greater losses could be avoided in the war but also for China peaceful development environment could be got. The peaceful environment makes for the development of modern China, so as to achieve the fundamental purpose of safeguarding national interests. Taking the treaty revision as the warning, in subsequent negotiation on treaty revision, the Qing government pays more attention to use the diplomatic means to safeguard the national rights and interests, and in the next new treaties cancels or limits various aggression privilege that the West had got in China.