The Study On The Distribution Of The Universality Components In The Subject And The Object Position

Universal-quantification means that the scope covered is no exception.In modern Chinese,there are many the sentences of expression of the universality,in which universality components is used to the subject or the object positions.On the subject or the object position,the syntax characteristics is different such as the semantic role of the universality components,the valence of the verbs,the choice of sentences, the cooperation with the adverbs "all(都)" and "also(也)",and so on.The thesis is under the direction of cognitive linguistic theories, combining related verb theories,making use of these combined ways as follows:form and meaning,static and dynamic,descriptive and interpretive,including statistic date for the frequency of the use of the research object.Based on the former people study,in the investigation we strive to observe,describe and interpret adequately the problems that distribution regularity of the universality components including "questionary pronouns(疑问代词)","a(—)+ Classifiers(量词)", "classifier-reduplications(量词重叠)" in the subject and object position.INTRODUCTION:to summarize the study of the present situation and significance;to present the problems to be further researched on the universality subject sentences,to limit the range of this paper;to introduce the study methods and the resources of linguistics.The first part study on the universality components on the subject.Universality components on the subject position,in modern Chinese,is used more frequently,more widely and more complex than on the object.During this part,based on the a large number corpus date,the syntactic features,including the role of semantics of "questionary pronouns(疑问代词)"," a(—)+ Classifiers(量词)", "classifier-reduplications(量词重叠)",the valence of the verb,the choice of sentences,the choice of affirmation and negation,the relationships between them and cooperation with the adverbs "all(都)" and "also(也)",and so on,is described.The second part is about the universality components on the object. In modern Chinese,the restrictions of the universality components in the object position,is much more than that in the subject position.This part,inspected by a large number of corpus date,described of the syntax features of "questionary pronouns(疑问代词)","a(—)+ Classifiers(量词),and" classifier-reduphcanons(量词重叠)",including the semantic roles,the valence of the verbs,the choice of affirmation and negation,the choice of sentences and other restrictions.The third part is about the comparative analysis of universality components on the subject and object.Based on statistics and analysis of corpus date collected,including comparison of the overall distribution regulation and some cases,which is "Who(誰)", "Which(哪个)" and "Where(哪里,哪儿)" in the subject or object position.This part explores on the distribution difference on various universality components in the subject and object position。Conclusion:to summarized the distribution of universality components on the subject and object position is asymmetric,and this asymmetry is decided by the following factors:(1)semantic feature of these noun compositions;(2)the life degree of these noun compositions; (3)the valence of the verbs and the semantic roles of universality components;(4)cooperation with the adverbs both "all(都)" and "also(也)";(5)affirmation or negation of the sentences;(6)Single sentences or complex sentence.