Improved And Spread Grain Type In The Rear-Area During The Anti-Japanese War Period

After the break-out of Anti-Japanese War, some Chinese territories fell into be controlled by Japanese army, some districts in China become the battle field. As the result of this situation, the crops rapidly shrank, the grain production greatly decreased. At the same time, most of Chinese troops and civilians moved to the rear-area, the demand for grain in the rear-area greatly increased. During the war, the price of grain kept a high raising rapid, civilians lead a poor life, and the society fell into disorder. In order to support Anti-Japanese war, the National Government modified their economic policies, took the improvement of agriculture as their first job. They adjusted all governmental organizations which established for agricultural improvement and promotion, on the basis of inheriting the agricultural organizations in pre-war time. It brought a good cooperation relation between central agricultural organization and all municipal agricultural organizations. At the same time, central government, municipal governments, and all financial organizations made their great effort to support the agriculture from financial aspect. They allocated amount of money for agricultural budget, fulfilled the agricultural finance, enlarged agricultural loans, established rural credit cooperative banks, etc. Those measures greatly had made great progress in grain's improvement and promotion. During the war, central and all the municipal agricultural organizations introduced high quality seed from foreign countries, carried out all kinds of experiments, which made they finally got many kinds of good seeds with high quality and quantity. Through a series of process, such as trial plant, reproduction in large fields, exemplary promotion and the final large field promotion. At last, they had made great contribution on the high increase of grain production in the rear-area. It was helpful for guaranteeing the supply of grain for army and civilians and it also showed its positive effects on raising farmer's income, play a role for improving the production of the farmer, and also provide a reference work for the improvement and promotion of grain varieties.