The Spread And Influence Of Monk Mahāyāna's Chan Buddhism In Tibet

In the end of the 8th century, Mahāyāna, a Chinese monk, accepted the invitation by the King of Tibetan Empire to Spread the Chan Buddhism from Dunhuang to Tibet. It is not recorded by the Chinese historical books, only Tibetan historical works has involved a lot. However, the narration is often insufficiently detailed, moreover standing in the opposite of Chan Buddhism. Fortunately, depends on the Dunhuang manuscript entitled as"Dunwu Dacheng Zhengli Jue (Suddenly Insight Correct Principle of the Mahāyāna Buddhism)"(P. 4646), regarding detailed and the accuracy. Based on this text, the real historical appearance can be understood and studied clearly and exactly.In according to the record of"Dunwu Da-cheng Zhengli Jue", with the King of the Tibet supported during the initial period, monk Mahāyāna was brought honor and development of the Chan Buddhism quickly in Tibet and many royal courts and the aristocrat became its follower, that was threatened directly the status of the Buddhism eminent monks from India. As the head of Indian Buddhism, Kamala?īla had carried on three years debate with monk Mahāyāna for maintaining its status in Tibet. The debate was presided over the King of the Tibet in the Bsam-yas Temple of Lhassa. During this long time debate and the battle, and other Chinese imperial sacrifices monks argued strongly that was based on reasons, and maintained its rationality of the religion doctrines by any means. Although the King of the Tibet chose the Indian Buddhism finally and the Mahāyāna was compelled to withdraw from Tibet, he has the profound influence to development of Tibet. The inheritance of the Chan Buddhism which was done by in Dunhuang and the Tibet in several years fused together with the Sudden Enlightenment of the South sect of Chan Buddhism and the Gradually Insight of the North sect, pouring into own viewpoint and the Chan Buddhism. The theories and the methods of the Chan Buddhism was absorbed to the Tibet, such as without thinking the Chan Buddhism without observing, awareness the heart, elimination the improper thought. He was took the organization and the massive translation of classics of the Chan Buddhism, urging the large appearances of the Chan Buddhism literatures in Chinese and Tibetan in this local area. Moreover, collected many disciples in Tibet and Dunhuang, has laid the foundation for the later generation of the Tibetan Chan Buddhism to product and develop. Simultaneously, it has the important influence for the religious doctrines of each sect of Tibetan Buddhism in later generations, and has the significant bridge function for the cultural exchange on that time...