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Human Liberation-a Kind Of Interpretation Of Communism

Posted on:2010-03-20Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:P YuFull Text:PDF
GTID:2155360272998976Subject:Marxist philosophy
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As a core concept of Marx's ideas, communism, for a long time, has been given various interpretations, Some people think that communism is the ultimate ideal, some people believe that communism is a political campaigns. The first explanation regards communism as a utopia, the person holding the second view, do not bases on reality and make a radical mistake, because they want to implement the "Communism" urgently. These two interpretations of communism are one-sided and not the real meaning of communism. .Marx believed that communism should not be understood only from the narrow perspective of political revolution, or as the abstract egalitarianism which is a deformation of the material production in the backward conditions .Marx and Engels in the "German Ideology" stated, "Communism is not the situation which should be identified, or the reality which should be the ideal corresponding to us. What we call communism is the real sport which eliminates the current condition. "Therefore, communism is not a specific social idea, social objective, but a movement which denies the existing situation, changes the existing situation, and implements the liberation of human being.This article attempts to interpret "communism", in terms of"the liberation of human being", the liberation of human being is the core of the theory of the communist doctrine, and the real goal pursued by Marx. The communism which wants to implement human liberation is a "negative" process, a process which "eliminates the current condition," and a process which "objects to the status actually and change the current condition ". This article discusses the liberation of human being in four aspects, and this is precisely the content of this paper, the four chapters are the liberation of productive forces, the liberation of free personality, the liberation of the social relations and the everyday life. The first is the liberation of productive forces, Marx believed that productive forces is the essential of human being, and the development of productive forces is also the development of the power of human being. However, because of private ownership system and the division of labor productivity has become a force which beyond our control to controls us, and makes us different. It is not a personal strength, but the power of private ownership system; It not the power of production, but the power of damage, so first of all we should liberate productivity (the essential s power of human being) from alienation, and make productivity become human being's own power once again, and it's based on a high degree of development of productive forces. Productivity denies itself, and has a qualitative leap in order to achieve a true and common large-scale production of the society so that we can achieve the "possession of the sum of the productive forces of combined individual, and eliminating the private ownership system".Chapter two elaborates the liberation of social relations. Human nature, in its reality, it is the sum of all social relations. "Any kind of liberation is giving all people's world and people's social relations back to the people themselves". Obtaining full rich social relations is the essence of the liberation of people connotation. The more people get the liberation from the shackles of social relations,the more people will be able to manifest his essence . In contrast, the narrow social relations suppress the personality, resulting in abnormal development of the people. So first of all to eliminate private ownership, the elimination of such person's possession of the labor of others, thus eradicate social division of labor, the elimination of the antagonism between the people, set up the universal communication all over the world, people really join together to set up a real community.Chapter three elaborates the liberation of free individuality .It includes emotional liberation, the liberation of the creativity and the free development of all-round person. The sublation of private property will make all the people's feel and characteristics liberated. This is because the feeling and characteristics will belong to people about aspects of the subject and the object. Creative work and the product showing personality is the expression of individual free life. People create the object world and transform the inorganic world, but also created themselves through the practice .But in the capitalist system the creativity of the human being is alienated. Human's personality has change into the personality of capital. Therefore, we must liberate from the rule of capital and the people realize the full freedom of development. The liberation of these three areas is the relationship increasing by degrees. Only access to the full liberation of emotion, only the liberation of creativity, creativity, liberation, and the nature and characteristics of people can only really be given full play.Chapter four elaborates the liberation of daily life. In Marx's version, while not directly dealt with the liberation of everyday life, but Marx's philosophy studies the real world, real people, and concerns about the reality of people's lives, in "Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844" and "Das Kapital" all embodies the concerns of workers'daily life. He criticize that capitalists occupy time, to increase the residual value. So we must develop the productivity and shorten the necessary labor time and increase free time. In fact, when the work's requirement has become the most important requirement, we will realize the unity of labor and leisure, and the creative work is right our daily life. People will start their own daily life under the conditions of fitting human nature. The production labor provide room for all-round development of each individual and that the performance of all their physical and mental capabilities. The production labor is rather than the burden, but happiness.Of these four aspects of the liberation, the liberation of productive forces is first and foremost. People should return the essential forces to themselves. The liberation of productive forces is a necessary precondition for the liberation of other areas because any kind of liberation ultimately depend on the great development of productive forces, but not the development of alienation .We can realize that "combined individual possess all the productive forces, to eliminate the private ownership," The liberations of social relationships and free personality promote the liberation of productive forces, and the first three liberations lie in the liberation of everyday life. Therefore, we should pursue the full liberation of humanity, so as to achieve the highest state of liberation– humans'all-round and free development. The communist movement of achieving people's liberation is not a spontaneous process, but a conscious process; not a thought process, but a historical process, this is a worldwide problem, but also the practical problem of each country. This requires us "to do" more than"to think".
Keywords/Search Tags:Marx, communism, human liberation, productivity, free and all-round development of human
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