The Research On The Development Of Fengtian Region In Late Qing Dynasty

Since the"banning Northeast China"policy had been carried out in the early Qing dynasty, Fengtian's development was far behind the mainland of China. Because of the aggression by foreign powers in modern times, the rulers of Qing Dynasty were forced to adjust the policy in Northeast China. First opened Fengtian region, and subsequently announced that the Northeast China was opened completely. As far as agricultural development was concerned, the immigrants provided sufficient labor and advanced farming techniques for Fengtian region. And soon, Tao'er River agricultural area and Changbai Fu agricultural area were formed. Also land-use efficiency were improved, the massive extra grain started for sale outside and Fengtian region became a major base of grain output. With the growing of the immigrant groups, the national structure in Fengtian region was changed. Then the original administrative system by both Flag and people's Office was replaced by the province system in the"New Policy"in the late Qing dynasty at last. The administrative system reform removed an obstacle to the economic development. The local government started to the infrastructural facilities construction positively such as transport facilities and so on. The modern transportation network in Fengtian region which is convenient to transport something was composed by the railway, the original Yilu road and the waterway transportation. Such things laid a good foundation for the regional economic formation of the unified market. Opening Commercial Ports and the prosperity of Commercial Ports trade made the Capitalist mode of production and operation came into Fengtian region so easily. Soybean trade grew rapidly, and then agriculture begun the process of modernization, oil-making industry soon modernized. In the encouragement of local government, national capital was drew into industry such as coal industry and so on. Most of the coal industry in Fengtian region made use of machine to produce coal, also there were many employees working. The development of industry also stimulated the financial industry, more and more banks were set in Fengtian region. With the growing of the economy, the cities in Fengtian region begun the process of urbanization. In sense of modern city, Shengjing city, Dalian city, Yingkou city and Andong city took a great part in the economy in Fengtian region and also in the Northeast China. A great mount of modern schools were founded by local government in Fengtian region, the students there were trained in modern education, they can do great contribution to the economy in their hometown when they graduated from school. And in an upsurge of studying in Japan, most students wanted to learn foreign experience to make their nation become better, while the democratic revolution theory spread in the mind of Fengtian intellectuals of new style. The modern culture and education reflected the level of modernization in Fengtian region in a certain sense.