A Research Of Durkheim's Thoughts Of Professional Ethics

Emile Durkheim is a socialist of great reputation in France, in whose times the society was experiencing the summit times of industrialization. The whole Europe was in the great change from agricultural society to industrial society, which results the continually expanding social division, the dramatically increasing number of manufacturing population and professional life gradually becoming the main mode of social life. Meanwhile, due to the disturbance of traditional power, professional life was not paid enough attention. On the other hand, the progress of science was gradually attacking the traditional value ideas of human. Christianity, as the conquering power of human soul, was destroyed in the Enlightenment. However, the fast development of economy led to swelling desires of human. In social life, people seek profit by whatever means possible, which resulted serious phenomenon of social anomy and broke the value chain of the whole society. Based on the social fact, Durkheim, from the perspective of positivist, seek for the reintegrated social value ligament and attempted to rescue the decaying social ethics by professional ethics.The present thesis contains four chapters, the first of which, through the analysis of Durkheim's time and the theoretical origin of his professional ethical thoughts, reveals its realistic and theoretical basis.Through the interpretation of Durkheim's classical works, the second chapter presents the basic contents of Durkheim's professional ethical thoughts. It studies the origin of Durkheim's thoughts from the perspective of the development of industry association and the conflicts in economic life. The position of Durkheim's thoughts is then introduced from social phenomenon, the reflection of collective emotion and the carrier of public spirit.Chapter three and four display the instrumentality and transcendentality of Durkheim's professional ethical thoughts. Starting from social organization, the former studies the instrumental characteristics and reflection of Durkheim's professional ethical thoughts and reveals its functional properties together with its reintegrating role in different social fields and functions under the condition of function division and field separation. While the latter, from the construction of value system, reveals two aspects of its transcendentality, that is, the sacred transcendentality from Christian origin and the vulgar transcendentality from individualism.