Canton, During The Anglo-French Allied Forces Occupation In 1857-1861

In October 1856, Britain again requesting entering the city of Canton as the excuse of "Arrow Incident", that was refused by Yeh Ming-ch'en, Viceroy of Liang-Kuang. In the end of 1857, Anglo-French allied forces captured of the city. They founded a bureau of occupation, composed of Colonel Thomas Holloway, Captain Martineaudes Chenez, and Harry Parkes, compelled the local officials in Canton to rule the city together for almost 4 years, and withdrew from Canton in October 1861. Their movement affected the city extensively in this period, and that the attitude which local officials and common people shew to foreigners also had some subtle changes. The dissertation takes Canton during the Anglo-French allied forces occupation in 1857-1861 as the research object, with collecting and analysing a great deal of works, archives written by chinese and foreigners, discusses what happened in Canton in this period, including relationship between local officials and bureau of occupation in various phases, chinese'reaction to new rulers in Canton, battles between civil corps and Anglo-French allied forces, and something about economy, culture and social life in Canton, also trying to discuss the influence. october 1861,...