An Analysis Of The 1930s Nanjing Government's "new Deal" Movement

In the 1930s, China face internal disorder and foreign invasion: From an international perspective, the worldwide economic crisis has tremendous destructive power of capitalist countries, but also to China's economy has not a small impact; Under crisis's ,Japan was more ambitiously ,and invaded the Northeast China in 1931 ,with eyeing covetously to the entire China, it is a great threat to the government in Nanjing whether in economic or military. From the domestic side, long-term warlord and severe natural disasters, aggravated the crisis of Chinese economic trend and people's daily life has become even more difficult; the Chinese Communist Party forces from the spark has grown in strength, making Chiang Kai-shek not be underestimated; coupled with the KMT internal organs are overstaffed Procrastination, The central government order is impeded , and the financial brink of bankruptcy, for the many abuses in the internal affairs, when people have more dissatisfied and want to change . Faced with an increasingly serious international and domestic situations, to Chiang Kai-shek as the hub of Nanjing, the government launched a political reform movement which people called "New Deal".The article want to restore the historical truth according to instruct the "New Deal" process from a proposal to implement as far as possible . "New Deal" campaign is an reform movement advocated by Chiang Kai-shek ,promoted by new political science group. It begins with "Suppressing" provinces gradually expand to other parts of the country, not only for the improvement of administrative efficiency, strengthen the centralization of power have played a certain role, but also saving for the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War of power long after. However, because of its limited administrative level, did not touch the fundamental political system reform, it reveals the new disadvantages in the implementation process, it was not understudied and supported by grassroots people, ultimately with little success. This article from the "New Deal" campaign launched by the historical background, origin and driving force , the reform process with respect to emerging issues to explore, analyses the historical status of the development process. Text is divided into four parts: Part I: Investigation in National Government 30's "New Deal" campaign background. It includes the world economic crisis, successive years of infighting and natural disasters, people living in poverty and Japan eyeing China, Nanjing existing problems in system of government itself, the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang forces confront these aspects, mainly from domestic and international political, economic and military point ,in order to analyze the special historical background by which "New Deal" campaign launched.Part II: public opinion expression and Chiang Kai-shek's decision. this part describes facing of the present plight, China's domestic public opinion is how urgent reforms, Chiang Kai-shek's chief of staff, Department of the New Deal is how to build a "one-third of the military, seven political" theoretical system, and under Chiang Kai-shek's behest to put them into practice step by step。Articles in this section is intended to introduce "one-third of the military, seven political" theory framework, and the Department of Chiang Kai-shek and the new political science group played a significant role in the "New Deal" campaign.Part III:"new deal"concrete implementation. Through the "New Deal" campaign four elements of the introduction, this section is intended to note: Although the "New Deal" campaign is designed around improving administrative efficiency, strengthen government control of grass-roots level to start, but has encountered in the implementation process such as difficulties that result is far from mind.Part IV:Conclusion .The evaluation of the 30s"new deal"movement of National Government. Analysis of nature and characteristics of the "New Deal" campaign, and try to find out its historical status and limitations, by use for reference for the successor.