On The Subjectivity Of The Static "V ZHE" Existential Sentence

The existential sentence is a special kind of sentence in Chinese. In Existential with Location Words as the Subject, published in Chinese in Aug.1957, Chen Tingzhen studied existential sentence as an independent subject, which established its important status in Chinese grammar research. There have not been many new achievements about the existential research until the 1980s. In this period, the research focused on the expressive analysis about the scope, the composing, the structural features and the switching relation among other relative sentences. These researches adopted the structural linguistic analysis, so they paid more attention to the detailed systematic description. However, there is little deep analysis on the explanation about the whole grammar meaning.As the most important communicative tool, natural language is the result of the coding and concept of the reality and the experience formed in the process of appreciating and recognizing the whole world in itself. In other word, natural language is human being's mental production. Therefore, cognitive linguistics pays attention to analyze and explain the linguistic structure according to the concept forming in the reciprocity of the human beings and the reality with the human being's basic cognitive capacity as its basis. This paper tries to adopt the subjectivity of the cognitive linguistics, surveys some problems existing in existential sentence from a new visual angle and gives the explanation.The paper includes three parts:The first part introduces the definition and the classification of existential sentence. Firstly, it proposes the characteristics of existential sentence by the description of the grammar meaning, then the author lists various former classifications and points out the standard of classifying of this paper.The second part is the main part of the paper. From the subjectivity point of view of Shen Jiaxuan, the author makes a detailed analysis of the static "V ZHE"existential sentence,from three aspects, namely, the visual angle, the sensibility and the cognition. In this part, the author list many examples for the elaborate explanation of the point of view.The third part mainly discusses the scope of existential sentence, which is the precondition of the whole paper. The author puts this part at the end of the whole paper for the consideration of the whole structure. This part analysis many similar existential and makes the research object more clear.