The Study On Fishery Archaeology In Neolithic Age In The Three Gorges Region

The archaeological data indicate that fishery production is one of main ways for prehistoric people obtain meat in the Three Gorges Region. Since the construction of the Three Gorges Project, during 1980s---1990s the archaeologists took a large-scale archaeological excavation and unearthed a great number of remains about fishery production which provides the most convincing and empirical material for the paper. Thus, the paper submitted"Neolithic fishery archaeological research in the Three Gorges region"as its theme. The writer gets most use of the basic theories and methods of animal archaeology, borrows theory and methods extensively about history, fishery science, statistics and other subjects, uses fully inductive method of archaeological materials, icons contrast, measuring statistical method, the regional comparative approach, deductive reasoning and field reconnaissance, etc. to make a systematic study about Neolithic fishery production of the Three Gorges area. According to current archaeological excavations and related research results, the article tries to discuss related academic issues from the following aspects through the fishery production.The first part is introduction. Mainly introduce briefly about the reason of the topics of this article, research significance, current research situation, research content, research purpose, research methods, practical problems and controversy, as well as spatial and temporal scope of this paper. This article believes that it is not only necessary to research but also important to further expand the scope and depth of regional archeology.The second part focuses on the current fisheries information found in the Three Gorges area. This paper collects a large number of archaeological excavation information about the Three Gorges region related the fishery production, conducting fishing information found along the Yangtze River from Yi Chang to Chong Qing thoroughly in accordance with the first database to the last. As time passes, space, fishing tools types, net sinkers and other aspects, the paper has an initial conclusion and summary. The third part discusses the relationship between the comparison of ancient modern fish-bone specimens and the changes of ecology environment in the Three Gorges, including fish choosing natural environment, analysis of natural causes about the Three Gorges fishery thriving as well as comparing fish bones unearthed in archaeological excavations with the current fish specimens, to reveal ecological environment changes in the Three Gorges Area. This section also involves an important concept - migratory, migratory is an important component of fish's physiological function, which desire to explore the water conservancy construction projects influencing fish habitat environment through the migratory habits.The fourth part is the core of this article ;That is the problem between the fishery production and prehistoric economic structure in the Three Gorges, focused on analyzing the composition of prehistoric economic structure in the Three Gorges region including fishing, hunting, animal husbandry, gathering and agricultural production in all five parts. Discussing the fisheries proportion in the Prehistoric economic structure of Three Gorges, especially the proportion of people eating meat and several important factors that affect the fisheries proportion in the entire economic structure, namely, seasonal, geographic and climatic conditions, and a preliminary analysis of the reasons for the Three Gorges fisheries economic prosperity. In addition, the paper described the characteristics of economic structure, relationship between man and nature, fish and some issues of fish and, Domestic as well as four domestic fish.The fifth part is comparative study about fisheries production between the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Three Gorges region. As for the middle reaches of Yangtze River, the writer selected Yidu Chengbeixi site, Qingjiang River, Lixian Pengtoushan site, Bashidang site, Lixian Chengtoushan site, Xichuan Xiawanggang site, Qinglongquan site in all seven sites. As for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the writer selected Xiaoshan Kuahuqiao site, Gaoyou Longqiuzhuang site, Yuyao Hemudu site, Jiaxing Nanhebang site, Shanghai Fuquanshan site, Shanghai Songze site Shanghai Maqiao site in all seven sites. and the writer mainly have some discussion and analysis through all kinds of living fish in different places, the use of fishing tools and the methods of people obtaining meat and the staple food resources, then further discussing the way people obtain natural resources and explaining the human passive development theory view.The six parts is the conclusion. The writer mainly summarize all parts of this article, including the characteristics of the Three Gorges fishery production, the construction of dams having effect on fish ecological environment, the industrial model of the Three Gorges settlers and the comparative study between Three Gorges region and Yangtze River etc., through environmental changes, resource changes, the population fluctuations all combined effect above to further validate passive development theory.