A Thought In Systematical Philosophy Of Managing Metheds And Strategies Of Comprehensive Calamity Alleviation In Cities

City, which is the center of human civilizations and innovation and social organization form, not only greatly pushes the development of state's politics and economy forward, but also does good to the development of the science, technology, culture and education. However, with the development of the modern urbanization, the city calamities are coming outstandingly and apparently. Modern city calamities set great barrier to the sustainable development of the city's future social economy because of their complicated variation, happening with unexpectedness and in group , system entirety , system level and serious damage. Therefore , the law of the city calamities should be studied hi order to predict the future situation of them and analyze the drawback and lack of calamity alleviation management, with the views of system theory, they should be used in the philosophical thinking, this will take directive function for the city's comprehensive calamity alleviation in the new century.The calamities in city are various and the causing elements are different, The disasters can be divided into two parts , natural factors and man-made social factors. From the natural factors of view, they are mainly because of the abnormal movement of the celestial body hi universe and the unusual change of the circles of the earth; seen from the factors of the city ground ?ecological environment ,calamity culture background , the positive and negative effects of policy direction , the centralization of the population and property in city, the exploiting and using of the man-made resources and so on. Owing to the influence of the factors above, the city natural disasters assume a tendency with harming area widened, period shorted , the level of destroying worsening and the man-made compound calamity aggravating. To a great extent, The seriousness of the city calamities is caused by man and lacks of scientific effective management.The calamity reducing management in cities is a kind of special management, It directly decide and influence the whole level of the calamity alleviation productivity. Nevertheless, The disasters reducing in cities now has many defects and lack , such as the imperfect in the management system aspects, the weakness in the ability to monitor and predict calamity, The calamity alleviation management presents to be static, passive and apparent , the cultural construction of disaster alleviation delay and the consciousness of taking precautions against natural. calamities is weak, the policy in city made in the design and in the construction lacks philosophical directing . Hence , this paper regards the sustainable development as the static guiding ideology and takes a systemphilosophical thinking. The views on the calamity alleviation management mainly includes four aspects: the dialectical view of calamity's inevitableness and managing, the system views and management culture view of calamity alleviation management, meanwhile, modern developing science methods such as system theory and so on . The arising of these self-organizing theory provide scientific methodology basis to the comprehensive calamity alleviation management in cities.The disaster reducing management in cities is a world-wide problem and it also has the common objective law . thus, it should draw on each other's merits and raise the level together, In addition, calamity alleviation management in the cities of china should accord with Chinese condition and practice a calamity alleviation management pattern with Chinese characteristic.Compared with the other countries in the world, with the different of both china's conditions and disaster condition in cities, The city comprehensive calamity alleviation management with Chinese characteristic may put the management model below into practice:First, it is to combine diversified management with comprehensive management. Second, it is a "Four - system" management model combined with the law, economy , science , technology and man. This kind of management schema will be enriched and devel...