Unsuitable Action Of Rural Commune-level Government And Protection For Interests Of Peasants

In China, 80% of people live in countryside and the issue of China's peasants is the basic issue of revolution and construction all through ages . It is significant to understand scientifically and deal with properly the issue of peasants' interests. The protection for the interests of the peasants is the cause of motive force of social , economic and cultural development and the fundamental guarantee of social stability. Commune-level government , as a local government to face directly to rural society, is most directly and most extensively relative to peasants, and their action exerts important influence to acquirement and protection of peasants' interests . Most part of commune-level government involves the peasants' interests to a certain extent. Some irrational and non-normative governmental actions give rise to harm to peasants' interests in varying degrees, mainly showing peasants' burden too heavy and resulting in more direct brush and conflict of interests between commune-level government and peasants.For a long period, many researchers always pay their attention to agriculture and agricultural modernization when studying the Three Issues梡easants, countryside and agriculture .They regard that countryside and peasants issue readily solved once the agricultural issue is solved. So, it appears very weak to study the Three Issues from the angel of peasants' interests. The case study and authentic study is rarer. In view of this, I venture to choose my hometown 梄inyang county in Henan province as the studying question. Located in the middle of China, Xinyang is transitional region from the higher part in the West to the lower part in the East and from Changjiang River Valley to North China Flatlands .And at the same time, Xinyang is a big county of agriculture, countryside and peasants , and its developmental level is in the state of being middle. Because of all this, it has typical meaning for non-normative action of rural commune-level government and protection for interests of peasants in Xinyang. So, trying to make such a solid and piercing case study , in a sense, is creative.On the whole, non-normative action of rural commune-level government and harm to interests of peasants mainly include: The functional border of governmental action is dim, and often use simple administration method to interfere with force the production and operation of peasants; The management of governmental functional department looses control, and is not moderate in control, governmental degree and the fees of collection are thrown into confusion; Inappropriate interference withvillager autonomy; Governmental servants seek ease and comfort ,go in for showy display , use the power in the hand directly or indirectly to obtain private interests for oneself, eat and drink too much , even accept bribery, blackmail, jobbery; Commune-level government frequently adopt compulsory means, enforce the law but offend it, some individuals secure in the knowledge that one has strong backing, bully peasants on the strengthen of one's powerful position, not only pick their pocket but also constitute threat to their personal safety and existence safety. All consequences arise therefrom , mainly including: Heavy peasants' burden weaken their ability to put into expanding reproduction, sluggish improvement of the living standards of peasants; Many peasants present despising mentality to the authority of commune-level government and villager committee and political indifference; Patriarchal clan, faction and other informal organization emerge, etc. All these factors become protruding problems of rural social development at present.The causes of unsuitable action and harm to peasants' interests are many-sided, mainly including :Backward rural political reform of system; Low political and ideological quality of commune-level government servants; The unsuitable action of commune-level is closely related to pressure system of country; Peasants lack the ability to protect themselves from the damage of interests when facing the harm to i...